Dewhurst Stephen A, Brandt Karen R
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2007 Apr;60(4):543-50. doi: 10.1080/17470210601137086.
Two experiments investigated the effects of reinstating encoding operations on remember and know responses in recognition memory. Experiment 1 showed that reinstating an effortful encoding task (generating words from fragments) increased remember responses at test but reinstating an automatic encoding task (reading intact words) did not. This pattern was confirmed in Experiment 2 in which words were either read intact or generated from anagrams. These findings show that repeating effortful (but not automatic) encoding operations at test cues not only the recognition of the information that was acquired via those operations but also the conscious recollection of the encoding episode.
两项实验研究了恢复编码操作对识别记忆中记住和知道反应的影响。实验1表明，恢复一项需要努力的编码任务（从片段生成单词）会增加测试时的记住反应，但恢复一项自动编码任务（阅读完整单词）则不会。在实验2中，单词要么完整阅读，要么由字谜生成，这一模式得到了证实。这些发现表明，在测试时重复需要努力（而非自动）的编码操作不仅能提示通过这些操作获取的信息的识别，还能提示编码过程的有意识回忆。
