Pizzolitto S, Rocco M, Antonucci F, Antoci B
Istituto di anatomia e istologia patologica, Ospedale Civile S. Maria della Misericordia di Udine.
Pathologica. 1991 Mar-Apr;83(1084):147-58.
Atheroembolism, a systemic vascular disease. Cholesterol crystal embolization (CCE) is an infrequent but serious disorder that is often an unrecognized medical problem. CCE may occur spontaneously from eroded atherosclerotic plaques or most frequently following procedures such as angiography, angioplasty, cardiac catheterization, anticoagulant therapy and aortic surgery. CCE predominantly affects elderly males with a frequent history of hypertension, atherosclerotic vascular diseases and renal insufficiency. CCE may result in protean clinical manifestations and may produce a spectrum of functional impairment. Confusion over the disease's natural history arises because the difficulty of establishing an antemortem diagnosis, and because the laboratory findings are non-diagnostic and non-specific. The mortality was 81% and the causes of death was most often due to multiorgan failure especially renal involvement. The definitive diagnosis depends upon finding the presence of intravascular cholesterol crystal in biopsy or autopsy specimens. The skin, muscle and kidney were the three most common sites for obtaining a premortem diagnostic biopsy.
动脉粥样硬化栓塞是一种全身性血管疾病。胆固醇结晶栓塞（CCE）是一种罕见但严重的疾病，常常是一个未被认识的医学问题。CCE可能自发地源于糜烂的动脉粥样硬化斑块，或者最常见于血管造影、血管成形术、心导管插入术、抗凝治疗和主动脉手术等操作之后。CCE主要影响老年男性，他们常有高血压、动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病和肾功能不全病史。CCE可能导致多种多样的临床表现，并可能产生一系列功能损害。由于生前诊断困难，且实验室检查结果无诊断意义且不具特异性，因此对该疾病的自然病程存在混淆。死亡率为81%，死亡原因最常见的是多器官衰竭，尤其是肾脏受累。确诊依赖于在活检或尸检标本中发现血管内胆固醇结晶。皮肤、肌肉和肾脏是获取生前诊断性活检的三个最常见部位。
