Moolenaar W, Lamers C B
Department of Internal Medicine, Wilhelmina Hospital Assen, The Netherlands.
Arch Intern Med. 1996 Mar 25;156(6):653-7.
To clarify the incidence and clinical features of cholesterol crystal embolization (CCE).
Analysis of the relevant data of 842 diagnosed cases of CCE filed in the Dutch National Pathology Information System from 1973 through 1994.
No report of CCE was recorded from 1973 through 1979. Since then, its incidence rose from 0.9 case per million population in 1980 to 6.0 cases per million population in 1985, but stabilized thereafter. Among autopsy reports, the relative percentage of CCE was similar over the years, with 0.35% in 1982 and 0.30% in 1994 (mean 0.31% range, 0.20% to 0.42%). Nine patients in whom CCE was found in their renal transplant were excluded from the study. Thus, among a total of 833 elderly (mean age, 72.1 years), predominantly male (73.9%) patients, 1066 CCE sites were found in 323 biopsy reports, 264 resection reports, and 287 autopsy reports.
In the Dutch population, CCE is reported steadily, with an average frequency of 6.2 cases per million population per year since 1985. It occurs predominantly in elderly men with a history of atherosclerotic disease and hypertension. Symptoms may be absent, go unrecognized, or mimic other disease processes. It can also be a coincidental finding. The primary CCE site is the kidney, followed by the skin and gastrointestinal tract.
明确胆固醇结晶栓塞（CCE）的发病率及临床特征。
分析1973年至1994年荷兰国家病理信息系统中登记的842例确诊CCE病例的相关数据。
1973年至1979年未记录到CCE报告。此后，其发病率从1980年的每百万人口0.9例升至1985年的每百万人口6.0例，但此后趋于稳定。在尸检报告中，CCE的相对比例多年来相似，1982年为0.35%，1994年为0.30%（平均0.31%，范围0.20%至0.42%）。9例在肾移植中发现CCE的患者被排除在研究之外。因此，在总共833名老年患者（平均年龄72.1岁）中，男性占主导（73.9%），在323份活检报告、264份切除报告和287份尸检报告中发现了1066个CCE部位。
在荷兰人群中，CCE报告呈稳定态势，自1985年以来平均每年每百万人口有6.2例。它主要发生在有动脉粥样硬化疾病和高血压病史的老年男性中。症状可能不存在、未被识别或类似其他疾病过程。它也可能是一个偶然发现。CCE的主要部位是肾脏，其次是皮肤和胃肠道。
