Zazímalová E, Krecek P, Skůpa P, Hoyerová K, Petrásek J
Institute of Experimental Botany, The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007 Jul;64(13):1621-37. doi: 10.1007/s00018-007-6566-4.
The PIN-FORMED (PIN) protein family is a group of plant transmembrane proteins with a predicted function as secondary transporters. PINs have been shown to play a rate-limiting role in the catalysis of efflux of the plant growth regulator auxin from cells, and their asymmetrical cellular localization determines the direction of cell-to-cell auxin flow. There is a functional redundancy of PINs and their biochemical activity is regulated at many levels. PINs constitute a flexible network underlying the directional auxin flux (polar auxin transport) which provides cells in any part of the plant body with particular positional and temporal information. Thus, the PIN network, together with downstream auxin signalling system(s), coordinates plant development. This review summarizes recent progress in the elucidation of the role of PIN proteins in polar auxin transport at the cellular level, with emphasis on their structure and evolution and regulation of their function.
PIN 形成（PIN）蛋白家族是一组植物跨膜蛋白，预测其功能为次级转运体。PIN 蛋白已被证明在植物生长调节剂生长素从细胞中流出的催化过程中起限速作用，其不对称的细胞定位决定了细胞间生长素流动的方向。PIN 蛋白存在功能冗余，其生化活性在多个水平上受到调节。PIN 蛋白构成了一个灵活的网络，支撑着生长素的定向流动（极性生长素运输），为植物体内任何部位的细胞提供特定的位置和时间信息。因此，PIN 蛋白网络与下游生长素信号系统一起协调植物的发育。本综述总结了在细胞水平上阐明 PIN 蛋白在极性生长素运输中的作用的最新进展，重点介绍了它们的结构、进化及其功能调控。
