Kang Seung-Gul, Lee Heon-Jeong, Jung Sung Won, Cho Sung Nam, Han Changsu, Kim Yong-Ku, Kim Seung-Hyun, Lee Min-Soo, Joe Sook-Haeng, Jung In-Kwa, Kim Leen
Department of Psychiatry, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Jun 30;31(5):1078-83. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.03.011. Epub 2007 Mar 27.
The cause of restless legs syndrome (RLS) has not yet been ascertained, but one of the most promising theories involves dopaminergic deficiency. In accordance with this theory, we assumed that the prevalence of RLS would be higher among schizophrenics treated with antipsychotics than in the normal population. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence, characteristics, and clinical correlates of RLS in schizophrenic patients undergoing treatment with antipsychotics.
A total of 182 hospitalized schizophrenic patients and 108 age- and sex-matched normal controls were enrolled. The presence of RLS and its severity were assessed using the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) diagnostic criteria and the IRLSSG rating scale, respectively. The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS) were used to evaluate insomnia, global psychiatric symptoms, and akathisia, respectively, in schizophrenic patients.
Of the 182 schizophrenic patients, 39 (21.4%) were found to have RLS and 87 (47.8%) met at least one of the RLS diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of RLS was significantly higher in the schizophrenia group than in the control group (p=0.009), as were the RLS scores (p<0.001). The BPRS (p=0.001) and the AIS (p<0.001) scores were higher in the RLS group than in the group with no RLS symptoms.
We conclude that it is important to consider the diagnosis of RLS when schizophrenic patients complain of insomnia, and that RLS symptoms could be associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms and insomnia.
不安腿综合征（RLS）的病因尚未确定，但最有前景的理论之一涉及多巴胺能缺乏。根据这一理论，我们假设接受抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症患者中RLS的患病率高于正常人群。本研究的目的是确定接受抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症患者中RLS的患病率、特征及临床相关性。
共纳入182例住院精神分裂症患者和108例年龄及性别匹配的正常对照。分别采用国际不安腿综合征研究组（IRLSSG）诊断标准和IRLSSG评分量表评估RLS的存在及其严重程度。分别用雅典失眠量表（AIS）、简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）和巴恩斯静坐不能评定量表（BARS）评估精神分裂症患者的失眠、整体精神症状和静坐不能。
在182例精神分裂症患者中，39例（21.4%）被发现患有RLS，87例（47.8%）至少符合一项RLS诊断标准。精神分裂症组RLS的患病率显著高于对照组（p = 0.009），RLS评分也是如此（p < 0.001）。RLS组的BPRS评分（p = 0.001）和AIS评分（p < 0.001）高于无RLS症状组。
我们得出结论，当精神分裂症患者主诉失眠时，考虑RLS的诊断很重要，并且RLS症状可能与更严重的精神症状和失眠有关。
