Fleming Theresa M, Merry Sally N, Robinson Elizabeth M, Denny Simon J, Watson Peter D
Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2007 Mar;41(3):213-21. doi: 10.1080/00048670601050481.
To examine associations between individual, family, school and community characteristics and rates of suicide attempts in a national population sample of New Zealand secondary school students.
A total of 9570 randomly selected 9- to 13-year-old students from 114 schools were surveyed, using the New Zealand Adolescent Health Survey. This is a 523-item anonymous self-report comprehensive questionnaire delivered by Multi-Media Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing. Multivariate analyses were used to examine correlates of self-reported suicide attempts within the last 12 months.
In total, 739 participants (4.7% of males and 10.5% of females) reported having made a suicide attempt within the last 12 months. Depressive symptoms, alcohol abuse, -having a friend or family member attempt suicide, family violence and non-heterosexual attractions were independently associated with increased rates of suicide attempts while parents caring, other family members caring, teachers being fair and feeling safe at school were independently associated with decreased rates of suicide attempts. Caring friendships, attending worship frequently, possible sexual abuse and anxiety symptoms were not independently associated with suicide attempts. Risk and protective factors operated in the same way for male and female students and for those with and without other suicide predictors.
New Zealand secondary school students, particularly female students, report high rates of suicide attempts. Risk of suicide attempts is lower in students reporting caring home and fair, safe school environments and this effect remains once depression is taken into account. This study confirms the importance of depression, substance use, problem behaviour, negative life events, exposure to suicide behaviour by others and the significance of sexual orientation in suicidal behaviour among school students and provides evidence of the importance of the family and school environments in reducing risk among this group.
在新西兰中学生全国人口样本中，研究个体、家庭、学校和社区特征与自杀未遂率之间的关联。
使用新西兰青少年健康调查，对来自114所学校的9570名随机抽取的9至13岁学生进行了调查。这是一份由多媒体计算机辅助自我访谈提供的包含523个项目的匿名自我报告综合问卷。采用多变量分析来研究过去12个月内自我报告的自杀未遂的相关因素。
共有739名参与者（男性的4.7%和女性的10.5%）报告在过去12个月内有过自杀未遂行为。抑郁症状、酗酒、有朋友或家庭成员自杀未遂、家庭暴力和非异性恋吸引力与自杀未遂率增加独立相关，而父母关爱、其他家庭成员关爱、教师公平以及在学校感到安全与自杀未遂率降低独立相关。亲密的友谊、频繁参加宗教活动、可能遭受的性虐待和焦虑症状与自杀未遂无独立关联。风险和保护因素对男女生以及有和没有其他自杀预测因素的学生的影响方式相同。
新西兰中学生，尤其是女生，报告的自杀未遂率很高。在报告有关爱家庭以及公平、安全学校环境的学生中，自杀未遂风险较低，且在考虑抑郁因素后这种影响依然存在。本研究证实了抑郁、物质使用、问题行为、负面生活事件、他人自杀行为暴露以及性取向在学生自杀行为中的重要性，并提供了家庭和学校环境在降低该群体风险方面重要性的证据。
