Ström Lena, Sjögren Camilla
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2007 Jun;19(3):344-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2007.04.003. Epub 2007 Apr 26.
Genome stability requires correct chromosome segregation and DNA repair. Failure of these processes leads to cell death or accumulation of chromosomal aberrations, as often observed in tumor cells. An increasing number of observations indicate that segregation and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair are functionally connected by the Cohesin and Smc5/6 protein complexes. Through their interaction with the duplicated genome, these complexes play essential roles in both chromosome segregation and repair by sister chromatid recombination. Both are also recruited to DSBs, and their chromosomal association is similarly regulated. Interestingly, recent studies of Cohesin suggest that DSB formation could promote proper mitotic chromosome segregation. This is reminiscent of segregation in meiotic cells, which is facilitated by break-induced chromosomal tethering.
基因组稳定性需要正确的染色体分离和DNA修复。这些过程的失败会导致细胞死亡或染色体畸变的积累，这在肿瘤细胞中经常观察到。越来越多的观察结果表明，分离和DNA双链断裂（DSB）修复通过黏连蛋白和Smc5/6蛋白复合物在功能上相互关联。通过与复制后的基因组相互作用，这些复合物在染色体分离和姐妹染色单体重组修复中都发挥着重要作用。它们也都被招募到DSB处，并且它们与染色体的结合受到类似的调控。有趣的是，最近对黏连蛋白的研究表明，DSB的形成可能促进有丝分裂染色体的正确分离。这让人联想到减数分裂细胞中的分离，它是由断裂诱导的染色体拴系促进的。
