Paterson A, Frush D P
Radiology Department, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK.
Clin Radiol. 2007 Jun;62(6):507-17. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.12.004. Epub 2007 Mar 23.
The number of multi-detector array computed tomography (MDCT) examinations performed per annum continues to increase in both the adult and paediatric populations. Estimates from 2003 suggested that CT contributed 17% of a radiology department's workload, yet was responsible for up to 75% of the collective population dose from medical radiation. The effective doses for some CT examinations today overlap with those argued to have an increased risk of cancer. This is especially pertinent for paediatric CT, as children are more radiosensitive than adults (and girls more radiosensitive than boys). In addition, children have a longer life ahead of them, in which radiation induced cancers may become manifest. Radiologists must be aware of these facts and practise the ALARA (as low as is reasonably achievable) principle, when it comes to deciding CT protocols and parameters.
每年，成人和儿童群体中进行的多探测器阵列计算机断层扫描（MDCT）检查数量都在持续增加。2003年的估计表明，CT占放射科工作量的17%，但却占医疗辐射所致集体人群剂量的75%。如今，一些CT检查的有效剂量与那些被认为癌症风险增加的剂量重叠。这在儿科CT中尤为相关，因为儿童比成人对辐射更敏感（女孩比男孩更敏感）。此外，儿童的未来寿命更长，辐射诱发的癌症可能在其中显现。在决定CT方案和参数时，放射科医生必须了解这些事实并践行ALARA（尽可能合理达到低剂量）原则。
