Aekplakorn Wichai, Abbott-Klafter Jesse, Premgamone Amorn, Dhanamun Bodi, Chaikittiporn Chalermchai, Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi, Suwanprapisa Thanaruk, Chaipornsupaisan Weerayuth, Tiptaradol Siriwat, Lim Stephen S
Community Medicine Center, Ramathibodi Hospital, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400 Thailand.
Diabetes Care. 2007 Aug;30(8):2007-12. doi: 10.2337/dc06-2319. Epub 2007 Apr 27.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and their association with cardiovascular risk factors and to evaluate the management of blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol in individuals with diabetes by geographical regions of Thailand.
With the use of a stratified, multistage sampling design, data from a nationally representative sample of 37,138 individuals aged > or = 15 years were collected using questionnaires, physical examination, and blood samples.
The prevalence of diabetes and IFG weighted to the national 2004 population was 6.7% (6.0% in men and 7.4% in women) and 12.5% (14.7% in men and 10.4% in women), respectively. Diabetes was more common in urban than in rural men but otherwise prevalence was relatively uniform across geographical regions. In more than one-half of those with diabetes, the disease had not been previously diagnosed, although the majority of those with diabetes were treated with oral antiglycemic agents or insulin. The prevalence of associated risk factors was high among individuals with diabetes as well as those with IFG. Two-thirds of those with diabetes and concomitant high blood pressure (> or = 130/80 mmHg) were not aware that they had high blood pressure, and > 70% of those with diabetes and concomitant high cholesterol (total cholesterol > or = 6.2 mmol/l) were not aware that they had high cholesterol.
The prevalences of diabetes and IFG were uniformly high in all regions. Improvements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes and associated risk factors are required if the health burden of diabetes in Thailand is to be averted.
本研究旨在确定糖尿病和空腹血糖受损（IFG）的患病率及其与心血管危险因素的关联，并按泰国的地理区域评估糖尿病患者的血糖、血压和胆固醇管理情况。
采用分层多阶段抽样设计，通过问卷调查、体格检查和采集血样，收集了来自全国具有代表性的37138名年龄≥15岁个体的数据。
根据2004年全国人口加权计算，糖尿病和IFG的患病率分别为6.7%（男性为6.0%，女性为7.4%）和12.5%（男性为14.7%，女性为10.4%）。糖尿病在城市男性中比农村男性更常见，但在其他方面，患病率在各地理区域相对一致。在一半以上的糖尿病患者中，该疾病此前未被诊断出来，尽管大多数糖尿病患者接受了口服降糖药或胰岛素治疗。糖尿病患者以及IFG患者中相关危险因素的患病率很高。三分之二患有糖尿病且伴有高血压（≥130/80 mmHg）的患者不知道自己患有高血压，超过70%患有糖尿病且伴有高胆固醇（总胆固醇≥6.2 mmol/l）的患者不知道自己患有高胆固醇。
糖尿病和IFG的患病率在所有地区均普遍较高。如果要避免泰国糖尿病的健康负担，就需要改善糖尿病及相关危险因素的预防、诊断和治疗。
