García Marina, Rosas Jesús, Hernández Iván, Velásquez Aidé, Cabrera Tomas, Maneiro Carlos
Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas del Mar, Universidad de Oriente Núcleo de Nueva Esparta, Boca del Rio, Estado Nueva Esparta, Venezuela.
Rev Biol Trop. 2005 Dec;53 Suppl 3:329-36.
Fertilized eggs from an spontaneously spawn of thirty sexually mature sea urchins (Arbacia punctulata) were incubated to complete embryonic development. The echinopluteus larvae (3 ind/ml) were distributed into 50 plastic containers (25 containers at 30 psu and 25 containers at 40 psu) and fed on Tetraselmis chuii, Nannochloropsis oculata, Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros gracilis and C. calcitrans under a natural photoperiod. The water of the containers was partially renewed (75%) everyday. Larval anatomic development aspects, daily survival and growth were determined. The growth was determined through postoral arms and body length measurement, and body diameter of twelve larvae during metamorphosis. During the planktonic larval phase, only the I. galbana diet produced similar results for both salinities. The relative growth of larvae was isometric (I) for larvae fed on I. galbana at two salinities and positive allometric for those fed on C. gracilis and C. calcitrans at both salinities. In this study A. punctulata started metamorphosis at day 14 and was completed 30 days after fecundation. Significant differences were detected in post-settlement body growth between the two salinities (F = 23.58, p < 0.05): growth was better for larvae at 30 psu (final body diameter was 3.14 +/- 0.44 mm). The final rate of planktonic larvae was highest with I. galbana (58.33%). For juveniles the rate was 6.48% for those fed on C. gracilis (40 psu in both larvae and juveniles). We recommend the use of this diet and 40 psu for survival or 30 psu for growth.
取自30只性成熟海胆（刺冠海胆）自然产卵的受精卵被孵化以完成胚胎发育。将海胆长腕幼虫（3个/毫升）分配到50个塑料容器中（30个盐度单位的25个容器和40个盐度单位的25个容器），并在自然光照周期下以杜氏盐藻、眼点拟微绿球藻、等鞭金藻、纤细角毛藻和钙板金藻为食。每天对容器中的水进行部分更新（75%）。测定幼虫的解剖发育情况、每日存活率和生长情况。通过测量口后臂和体长以及变态期12只幼虫的体径来确定生长情况。在浮游幼虫阶段，只有等鞭金藻饲料在两种盐度下产生了相似的结果。在两种盐度下，以等鞭金藻为食的幼虫相对生长呈等速生长（I），而以纤细角毛藻和钙板金藻为食的幼虫相对生长呈正异速生长。在本研究中，刺冠海胆在第14天开始变态，并在受精后30天完成。在两种盐度下，定居后幼虫的身体生长存在显著差异（F = 23.58，p < 0.05）：30个盐度单位下的幼虫生长更好（最终体径为3.14 +/- 0.44毫米）。浮游幼虫的最终存活率以等鞭金藻为最高（58.33%）。对于幼体，以纤细角毛藻为食的幼体存活率为6.48%（幼虫和幼体均处于40个盐度单位）。我们建议使用这种饲料，生存选择40个盐度单位，生长选择30个盐度单位。
