Washburn Jason J, Romero Erin Gregory, Welty Leah J, Abram Karen M, Teplin Linda A, McClelland Gary M, Paskar Leah D
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007 Apr;75(2):221-31. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.75.2.221.
Antisocial personality disorder (APD) is a serious public and mental health concern. Understanding how well conduct disorder (CD) and other mental disorders predict the development of APD among youths involved in the juvenile justice system is critical for prevention. The authors used a stratified random sample of 1,112 detained youths to examine the development of APD at a 3-year follow-up interview. Nearly one fifth of male juvenile detainees later developed APD; approximately one quarter of male juvenile detainees with CD at baseline later developed APD. Significantly more males than females developed APD; no differences were found by race/ethnicity. Having 5 or more symptoms of CD, dysthymia, alcohol use disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder was significantly associated with developing modified APD (M-APD; APD without the CD requirement). Some disorders were strong predictors of APD; however, none were adequate screeners for identifying which detainees would later develop M-APD. The findings of this study have implications for interventions and further research in developmental psychopathology.
反社会人格障碍（APD）是一个严重的公共卫生和心理健康问题。了解品行障碍（CD）和其他精神障碍对青少年司法系统中青少年APD发展的预测能力，对于预防工作至关重要。作者采用分层随机抽样方法，选取了1112名被拘留青少年，在3年的随访访谈中考察APD的发展情况。近五分之一的男性青少年被拘留者后来患上了APD；基线时患有CD的男性青少年被拘留者中，约四分之一后来患上了APD。患上APD的男性显著多于女性；按种族/族裔划分未发现差异。有5种或更多CD、心境恶劣、酒精使用障碍或广泛性焦虑症症状，与发展为改良型APD（M-APD；无CD要求的APD）显著相关。一些障碍是APD的强预测因素；然而，没有一种能够充分筛查出哪些被拘留者后来会发展为M-APD。本研究结果对发展性精神病理学的干预措施和进一步研究具有启示意义。
