Shaw D S
University of Pittsburgh.
Behav Modif. 1991 Oct;15(4):456-85. doi: 10.1177/01454455910154002.
Divorce has become one of the most frequent environmental stressors experienced by children. This article reviews present conceptualizations of children's adaptation to divorce. Most notably, researchers have moved away from the view that family structural variables, such as single-parent status, necessitate the development of psychopathology in children. In recent years, investigators have shifted their attention to events that accompany marital dissolution, rather than the event of divorce per se. Such process variables have been identified as more salient correlates of children's adjustment. Additionally, the article examines children's short- and long-term adjustment to divorce, specific problem areas that are common among children from divorced families, and directions for future investigations.
离婚已成为儿童所经历的最常见的环境压力源之一。本文回顾了目前关于儿童适应离婚的概念。最值得注意的是，研究人员已不再认为诸如单亲家庭状况等家庭结构变量必然会导致儿童出现精神病理学问题。近年来，研究人员将注意力从离婚这一事件本身，转移到了伴随婚姻解体而发生的事件上。这些过程变量已被确定为与儿童适应能力更显著相关的因素。此外，本文还探讨了儿童对离婚的短期和长期适应情况、离异家庭儿童中常见的特定问题领域以及未来的研究方向。
