父母离异与因移民而分居对中国儿童心理健康和自我伤害的影响：一项横断面调查。
Impact of parental divorce versus separation due to migration on mental health and self-injury of Chinese children: a cross sectional survey.
作者信息
Wang Feng, Lu Jingjing, Lin Leesa, Cai Jingjing, Xu Jiayao, Zhou Xudong
机构信息
The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Kings Cross, London, UK.
出版信息
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2021 Nov 27;15(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s13034-021-00424-z.
BACKGROUND
There has been an increasing prevalence of parental separation in China due to divorce or migration for work in recent decades. However, few studies have compared the impacts of these two types of separation on children's mental health. This study aimed to investigate how parental divorce and parental migration impact children's mental health and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB), while considering positive factors, including parent-adolescent communication and psychological resilience.
METHODS
We randomly recruited participants in grades 5-8 from 18 schools in 2 counties in Anhui Province. A self-administered questionnaire was conducted to measure children's mental health, SITB, parent-adolescent communication, psychological resilience, and socio-demographic characteristics.
RESULTS
Data from 1026 children with both parents migrating (BLBC), 1322 children with one parent migrating (SLBC), 475 children living in a divorced family (DC) and 1160 children with non-migrating parents (NLBC) were included. Regression model results showed that, compared to the other three groups (BLBC, SLBC, NLBC), DC exhibited higher internalizing problems (p < 0.05), higher externalizing problems (p < 0.01), less prosocial behaviors (p < 0.05), and higher rates of suicidal ideation (SI) (p < 0.05) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors (p < 0.05) when adjusting for social-demographic variables. However, when further adjusting for parent-adolescent communication and psychological resilience, DC no longer had higher levels of internalizing problems, externalizing problems, NSSI and SI than left-behind groups (BLBC, SLBC).
CONCLUSIONS
The experience of separation from divorced parents had stronger negative effects on the mental health of children than was observed in LBC. The Chinese government should design special policy frameworks that provide support to DC.
背景
近几十年来，由于离婚或外出务工，中国父母分居的情况日益普遍。然而，很少有研究比较这两种分居类型对儿童心理健康的影响。本研究旨在探讨父母离婚和父母外出务工如何影响儿童的心理健康以及自伤想法和行为（SITB），同时考虑积极因素，包括亲子沟通和心理韧性。
方法
我们从安徽省2个县的18所学校中随机招募了五至八年级的学生。采用自填式问卷来测量儿童的心理健康、SITB、亲子沟通、心理韧性和社会人口学特征。
结果
纳入了1026名父母双方均外出务工的儿童（BLBC）、1322名单亲外出务工的儿童（SLBC）、475名生活在离异家庭的儿童（DC）和1160名父母均未外出务工的儿童（NLBC）的数据。回归模型结果显示，与其他三组（BLBC、SLBC、NLBC）相比，在调整社会人口学变量后，DC组表现出更高的内化问题（p < 0.05）、更高的外化问题（p < 0.01）、更少的亲社会行为（p < 0.05）以及更高的自杀意念（SI）发生率（p < 0.05）和非自杀性自伤（NSSI）行为发生率（p < 0.05）。然而，在进一步调整亲子沟通和心理韧性后，DC组在内化问题、外化问题、NSSI和SI方面不再高于留守儿童组（BLBC、SLBC）。
结论
与留守儿童相比，父母离婚导致的分离经历对儿童心理健康的负面影响更强。中国政府应制定特殊的政策框架，为离异家庭儿童提供支持。
Zotero 插件