Turner Matthew D, Berg Bruce G
Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697-5100, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2007 Apr;121(4):1848-51. doi: 10.1121/1.2710345.
Level dominance refers to the effect where attention is automatically directed to the loudest part of an auditory display. In a sample discrimination task, the frequencies of five 50 ms tones were sampled from normal distributions with means of 1000 and 1100 Hz and presented sequentially, with the tones alternating in intensity. Observers decide from which distribution the sample was drawn. The informativeness of the even numbered tones (d' = 2) was greater than the informativeness of the odd numbered tones (d' = 1). Estimates of decision weights and performance levels (d') show that when the more informative tones were less intense, observers attended to the louder tones rather than the more informative tones. This effect extends well beyond the temporal limits expected from forward masking studies.
响度优势是指注意力会自动指向听觉显示中最响亮部分的效应。在一个样本辨别任务中，从均值为1000赫兹和1100赫兹的正态分布中抽取五个50毫秒音调的频率，并依次呈现，音调强度交替变化。观察者要判断样本是从哪个分布中抽取的。偶数编号音调的信息量（d' = 2）大于奇数编号音调的信息量（d' = 1）。决策权重和表现水平（d'）的估计表明，当信息量大的音调强度较低时，观察者会关注较响亮的音调而非信息量大的音调。这种效应远远超出了前掩蔽研究预期的时间限制。
