Palmieri Diane, Smith Quentin R, Lockman Paul R, Bronder Julie, Gril Brunilde, Chambers Ann F, Weil Robert J, Steeg Patricia S
Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Breast Dis. 2006;26:139-47. doi: 10.3233/bd-2007-26112.
Central nervous system or brain metastases traditionally occur in 10-16% of metastatic breast cancer patients and are associated with a dismal prognosis. The development of brain metastases has been associated with young age, and tumors that are estrogen receptor negative, Her-2+ or of the basal phenotype. Treatment typically includes whole brain irradiation, or either stereotactic radiosurgery or surgery with whole brain radiation, resulting in an approximately 20% one year survival. The blood-brain barrier is a formidable obstacle to the delivery of chemotherapeutics to the brain. Mouse experimental metastasis model systems have been developed for brain metastasis using selected sublines of human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells. Using micron sized iron particles and MRI imaging, the fate of MDA-MB-231BR cells has been mapped: Approximately 2% of injected cells form larger macroscopic metastases, while 5% of cells remain as dormant cells in the brain. New therapies with permeability for the blood-brain barrier are needed to counteract both types of tumor cells.
中枢神经系统或脑转移瘤传统上发生于10% - 16%的转移性乳腺癌患者中，且预后不佳。脑转移瘤的发生与年轻、雌激素受体阴性、Her-2阳性或基底表型的肿瘤有关。治疗通常包括全脑照射，或立体定向放射外科手术或手术联合全脑放疗，一年生存率约为20%。血脑屏障是化疗药物输送至脑部的巨大障碍。利用人MDA-MB-231乳腺癌细胞的特定亚系，已开发出用于脑转移的小鼠实验转移模型系统。使用微米级铁颗粒和MRI成像，已绘制出MDA-MB-231BR细胞的命运轨迹：约2%的注射细胞形成较大的宏观转移瘤，而5%的细胞在脑中保持为休眠细胞。需要具有血脑屏障通透性的新疗法来对抗这两种类型的肿瘤细胞。
