Mahieu Nele Nathalie, McNair Peter, De Muynck Martine, Stevens Veerle, Blanckaert Ian, Smits Nele, Witvrouw Erik
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Mar;39(3):494-501. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000247004.40212.f7.
Many studies have been undertaken to define the effects of static and ballistic stretching. However, most researchers have focused their attention on joint range-of-motion measures. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether static- and ballistic-stretching programs had different effects on passive resistive torque measured during isokinetic passive motion of the ankle joint and tendon stiffness measured by ultrasound imaging.
Eighty-one healthy subjects were randomized into three groups: a static-stretch group, a ballistic-stretch group, and a control group. Both stretching groups performed a 6-wk stretching program for the calf muscles. Before and after this period, all subjects were evaluated for ankle range of motion, passive resistive torque of the plantar flexors, and the stiffness of the Achilles tendon.
The results of the study reveal that the dorsiflexion range of motion was increased significantly in all groups. Static stretching resulted in a significant decrease of the passive resistive torque, but there was no change in Achilles tendon stiffness. In contrast, ballistic stretching had no significant effect on the passive resistive torque of the plantar flexors. However, a significant decrease in stiffness of the Achilles tendon was observed in the ballistic-stretch group.
These findings provide evidence that static and ballistic stretching have different effects on passive resistive torque and tendon stiffness, and both types of stretching should be considered for training and rehabilitation programs.
已经开展了许多研究来确定静态拉伸和冲击拉伸的效果。然而，大多数研究人员将注意力集中在关节活动范围的测量上。本研究的目的是调查静态拉伸和冲击拉伸方案对踝关节等速被动运动期间测量的被动阻力矩以及通过超声成像测量的肌腱刚度是否有不同影响。
81名健康受试者被随机分为三组：静态拉伸组、冲击拉伸组和对照组。两个拉伸组都对小腿肌肉进行了为期6周的拉伸方案。在此期间前后，对所有受试者进行踝关节活动范围、跖屈肌的被动阻力矩以及跟腱刚度的评估。
研究结果表明，所有组的背屈活动范围均显著增加。静态拉伸导致被动阻力矩显著降低，但跟腱刚度没有变化。相比之下，冲击拉伸对跖屈肌的被动阻力矩没有显著影响。然而，在冲击拉伸组中观察到跟腱刚度显著降低。
这些发现提供了证据，表明静态拉伸和冲击拉伸对被动阻力矩和肌腱刚度有不同影响，在训练和康复方案中应同时考虑这两种拉伸方式。
