Creswell Cathy, Cartwright-Hatton Sam
School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2007 Sep;10(3):232-52. doi: 10.1007/s10567-007-0019-3.
Anxiety of childhood is a common and serious condition. The past decade has seen an increase in treatment-focussed research, with recent trials tending to give greater attention to parents in the treatment process. This review examines the efficacy of family-based cognitive behaviour therapy and attempts to delineate some of the factors that might have an impact on its efficacy. The choice and timing of outcome measure, age and gender of the child, level of parental anxiety, severity and type of child anxiety and treatment format and content are scrutinised. The main conclusions are necessarily tentative, but it seems likely that Family Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (FCBT) is superior to no treatment, and, for some outcome measures, also superior to Child Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CCBT). Where FCBT is successful, the results are consistently maintained at follow-up. It appears that where a parent is anxious, and this is not addressed, outcomes are less good. However, for children of anxious parents, FCBT is probably more effective than CCBT. What is most clear is that large, well-designed studies, examining these factors alone and in combination, are now needed.
儿童焦虑是一种常见且严重的病症。在过去十年中，针对治疗的研究有所增加，近期的试验往往更关注治疗过程中的父母。本综述考察了基于家庭的认知行为疗法的疗效，并试图阐明一些可能影响其疗效的因素。对结果测量的选择和时机、儿童的年龄和性别、父母焦虑程度、儿童焦虑的严重程度和类型以及治疗形式和内容进行了审查。主要结论必然是初步的，但家庭认知行为疗法（FCBT）似乎优于不治疗，而且对于某些结果测量，也优于儿童认知行为疗法（CCBT）。在FCBT取得成功的情况下，结果在随访中能持续保持。似乎当父母焦虑且未得到解决时，治疗效果就不太好。然而，对于父母焦虑的儿童，FCBT可能比CCBT更有效。最明确的是，现在需要开展大规模、精心设计的研究，单独或综合考察这些因素。
