Porisch Eric
Precision Eyecare, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA.
Optometry. 2007 May;78(5):232-5. doi: 10.1016/j.optm.2006.11.014.
Many experiments are conducted each year in the sporting world to try and improve the existing technology and equipment in an effort to positively influence athletic outcomes. These studies, at times, are concerned about vision and how athletes can improve their visual inputs to respond most advantageously. Sports vision aids are becoming a more integral part of an athlete's equipment. Recently, sport-tinted contact lenses have become available to athletes of various sports. The purpose of this study was to compare football players' contrast sensitivity when wearing specially designed sport-tinted contact lenses to that when wearing clear contact lenses or no contact lenses in the case of an emmetropic athlete.
Participants were fitted with either clear contact lenses or sport-tinted contact lenses. Spherical equivalent refractions were used because sport-tinted contact lenses are not currently available for astigmatic prescriptions. Contrast sensitivity was measured monocularly on a sine-wave grating chart of 4 spatial frequencies, each with decreasing contrast. Testing then was repeated with the other contact lens. Comparison was made to determine if statistically or clinically significant data would support the claim of increased contrast enhancement for the athletes while wearing the sport-tinted contact lenses.
Thirty-five subjects participated (35 left eyes), ranging in age from 18 to 32 years. All subjects were professional or collegiate football players. Testing done at 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles per degree (cpd) of spatial frequency found statistically significant improvement with the sport-tinted contact lenses where P < 0.05. With an examination of the emmetropic-only subgroup, these same results were confirmed at 3 and 6 cpd. Although most of the results were statistically significant, it is questionable whether there is any clinically significant improvement in contrast enhancement while wearing these lenses.
Sport-tinted contact lenses appear to have a statistically significant effect on contrast sensitivity when worn by a relatively low astigmatic or spherically refracted patient. These results also hold true for enhancing sensitivity in the emmetropic athlete. This information is dampened, however, when considering clinical significance. Overall, there does not appear to be overwhelming evidence that the sport-tinted lenses provide any clinically significant difference when considering contrast enhancement. There are always exceptions to any study; therefore, each case would have to be evaluated by the individual practitioner and the athlete.
体育界每年都会进行许多实验，试图改进现有技术和设备，以积极影响运动成绩。这些研究有时关注视力以及运动员如何改善视觉输入以做出最有利的反应。运动视力辅助工具正日益成为运动员装备中不可或缺的一部分。最近，各种运动项目的运动员都可以使用彩色运动隐形眼镜。本研究的目的是比较正视运动员佩戴专门设计的彩色运动隐形眼镜、透明隐形眼镜或不佩戴隐形眼镜时足球运动员的对比敏感度。
参与者佩戴透明隐形眼镜或彩色运动隐形眼镜。由于目前尚无用于散光处方的彩色运动隐形眼镜，因此使用等效球镜度。在4个空间频率的正弦波光栅图上单眼测量对比敏感度，每个频率的对比度逐渐降低。然后用另一种隐形眼镜重复测试。进行比较以确定统计学上或临床上有意义的数据是否支持运动员佩戴彩色运动隐形眼镜时对比度增强的说法。
35名受试者（35只左眼）参与，年龄在18至32岁之间。所有受试者均为职业或大学足球运动员。在每度3、6、12和18周/度（cpd）的空间频率下进行测试，发现彩色运动隐形眼镜有统计学上的显著改善，P<0.05。在仅正视的亚组检查中，在3和6 cpd时证实了相同的结果。尽管大多数结果具有统计学意义，但佩戴这些隐形眼镜时对比度增强是否有任何临床上的显著改善仍值得怀疑。
彩色运动隐形眼镜在相对低散光或球面屈光不正的患者佩戴时，似乎对对比敏感度有统计学上的显著影响。这些结果在增强正视运动员的敏感度方面也成立。然而，考虑到临床意义时，这一信息的说服力有所减弱。总体而言，在考虑对比度增强时，似乎没有压倒性的证据表明彩色运动隐形眼镜有任何临床上的显著差异。任何研究都总有例外；因此，每个案例都必须由个体从业者和运动员进行评估。
