Risse J F, Saint-Blancat P, Boissonnot M, Grillot L
Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Poitiers.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 1996;19(4):271-7.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of amount of myopia, axial elongation staphyloma and type of optical correction on contrast sensitivity of high myopic subjects.
Fifty-one patients (91 eyes) were selected on the following qualifications: myopia > or = 8 dpt and/or axial length > or = 26 mm, and visual acuity > or = 0.1 recorded through spectacle lenses. Contrast sensitivity was measured using a "Moniteur Ophtalmologique" for all subjects when corrected with spectacle lenses, and thereafter on a lot of patients (50 eyes) wearing a contact lens.
Contrast sensitivity obtained with spectacle lenses was significantly decreased over the whole spatial frequency range. The higher the spatial frequency was, the lower contrast sensitivity was. The impairment increased with the amount of myopia and axial length, but without positive correlation. Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower for only the three highest spatial frequencies measured (6.4; 12.8 and 25.6 c/deg), when a staphyloma (n = 52) was present by comparison with results obtained for eyes without staphyloma (n = 39). Differences between the two situations (spectacle lens vs. contact lens) were not significant for eyes wearing daily spectacle lenses; conversely, for myopic subjects generally fitted with contact lenses, contrast sensitivity with contact lenses was significantly better than that measured with spectacles for the three highest spatial frequencies tested.
This suggests that the decrease in contrast sensitivity measured in high myopia is related to defects in the optical and neuro-retinal systems.
本研究旨在评估近视度数、眼轴伸长、葡萄肿以及屈光矫正类型对高度近视患者对比敏感度的影响。
选取51例患者（91只眼），入选标准如下：近视≥8屈光度和/或眼轴长度≥26毫米，且通过眼镜镜片测得的视力≥0.1。所有受试者在佩戴眼镜镜片矫正时使用“眼科监测仪”测量对比敏感度，之后对部分佩戴隐形眼镜的患者（50只眼）进行测量。
在整个空间频率范围内，佩戴眼镜镜片时获得的对比敏感度显著降低。空间频率越高，对比敏感度越低。这种损害随着近视度数和眼轴长度的增加而加重，但无正相关关系。与无葡萄肿的眼睛（n = 39）相比，存在葡萄肿（n = 52）时，仅在测量的三个最高空间频率（6.4；12.8和25.6周/度）下对比敏感度显著降低。对于日常佩戴眼镜镜片的眼睛，两种情况（眼镜镜片与隐形眼镜）之间的差异不显著；相反，对于一般佩戴隐形眼镜的近视患者，在测试的三个最高空间频率下，佩戴隐形眼镜时的对比敏感度明显优于佩戴眼镜时测得的对比敏感度。
这表明在高度近视中测得的对比敏感度降低与光学和神经视网膜系统的缺陷有关。
