Bredenoord Albert J, Smout André J P M
Department of Gastroenterology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jul;5(7):772-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2007.02.018. Epub 2007 May 4.
Accumulation of air in the stomach increases gastric volume, which activates receptors in the gastric wall. A reflex is initiated, leading to relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, upward movement of the air through the esophagus, and finally passage through the upper esophageal sphincter, during which an audible belch can sometimes be heard. Excessive belching is often reported in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and functional dyspepsia. Often other symptoms are predominant, and these should be treated first. Sometimes patients present with excessive belching as an isolated symptom. These patients belch in very high frequencies, up to 20 times per minute, and often during consultation. This condition is referred to as aerophagia. In these patients air is sucked into the esophagus or injected by pharyngeal contraction, after which it is expelled immediately. Aerophagia is a behavioral disorder, and behavioral therapy and/or speech therapy seems to be the therapy of choice.
胃内积气会增加胃容量，从而激活胃壁中的感受器。由此引发一种反射，导致食管下括约肌松弛，气体向上通过食管，最终穿过食管上括约肌，在此过程中有时会听到可闻及的嗳气声。胃食管反流病和功能性消化不良患者常报告有过度嗳气症状。通常其他症状更为突出，应首先对这些症状进行治疗。有时患者仅以过度嗳气作为单一症状就诊。这些患者嗳气频率非常高，每分钟可达20次，且常在就诊时出现。这种情况被称为吞气症。在这些患者中，空气被吸入食管或通过咽部收缩注入食管，之后会立即排出。吞气症是一种行为障碍，行为疗法和/或言语疗法似乎是首选治疗方法。
