Department of Gastroenterology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.
Dis Esophagus. 2010 May;23(4):347-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.01038.x. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
Belching is physiological venting of excessive gastric air. Excessive and bothersome belching is a common symptom, which is often seen in patients with functional dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Other symptoms are usually predominant. However, a small group of patients complain of isolated excessive belching, with a frequency of several belches per minute. In these patients, the eructated air does not originate from the stomach but is sucked or injected in the esophagus from the pharynx and expelled immediately afterward in oral direction. This behavior is called supragastric belching because the air does not originate from the stomach and does not reach the stomach either. Excessive belching can be treated by speech therapy or behavior therapy. The term aerophagia should be reserved for those patients where there is evidence that they swallow air too frequently and in too large quantities. These patients have excessive amounts of intestinal gas visualized on a plain abdominal radiogram and their primary symptoms are bloating and abdominal distension and they belch only to a lesser degree. Aerophagia and excessive supragastric belching are thus two distinct disorders.
打嗝是胃内过多气体的生理性排出。过度和令人困扰的打嗝是一种常见症状，常发生于功能性消化不良和胃食管反流病患者中。其他症状通常更为突出。然而，有一小部分患者主诉孤立性过度打嗝，每分钟打嗝数次。在这些患者中，呃出的气体并非来自胃部，而是从咽部被吸入或注入食管，并立即以口腔方向排出。这种行为称为胃上打嗝，因为气体并非来自胃部，也未到达胃部。过度打嗝可通过言语治疗或行为疗法进行治疗。术语吞气症应保留给那些有证据表明他们频繁且大量吞咽空气的患者。这些患者的腹部平片可见大量肠气，其主要症状是腹胀和腹部膨隆，且仅较少程度地打嗝。因此，吞气症和过度胃上打嗝是两种不同的疾病。
