Cross Fiona R, Jackson Robert R, Pollard Simon D, Walker Mark W
School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Behav Processes. 2007 Jul;75(3):290-6. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2007.03.004. Epub 2007 Mar 27.
An important prediction from game theory is that the value of a resource influences the level to which male-male conflict escalates. Earlier experimental studies have shown that the seven salticid species we study here (Bavia aericeps, Euryattus sp., Hypoblemum albovittatum, Jacksonoides queenslandicus, Marpissa marina, Portia africana and Simaetha paetula) determine by sight whether a female is a conspecific or a heterospecific and then escalate the intensity with which they interact (i.e., they adopt behaviour that is likely to put them at greater risk of injury after detecting the presence of a conspecific female). Here the earlier studies are extended by using the odour of conspecific females (experimental tests) and heterospecific females (control tests), and by presenting each male with his mirror image as well as having two males interact with each other. Findings from this study suggest that, for J. queenslandicus and P. africana, the odour of conspecific females, more than the odour of heterospecific females, primes the male to escalate conflict with a potential rival. However, this was not found for the other five species tested.
博弈论的一个重要预测是，资源的价值会影响雄性间冲突升级的程度。早期的实验研究表明，我们在此研究的七种跳蛛物种（黑头跳蛛、宽胸蝇虎属物种、白纹扁蝇虎、昆士兰狡蛛、海边蝇虎、非洲狡蛛和细毛蝇虎）通过视觉判断雌性是同种还是异种，然后提高它们互动的强度（即，在检测到同种雌性存在后，它们会采取可能使自己面临更大受伤风险的行为）。在此，通过使用同种雌性的气味（实验测试）和异种雌性的气味（对照测试），以及让每只雄性面对自己的镜像以及让两只雄性相互作用，对早期研究进行了扩展。这项研究的结果表明，对于昆士兰狡蛛和非洲狡蛛来说，同种雌性的气味比异种雌性的气味更能促使雄性与潜在对手升级冲突。然而，在测试的其他五个物种中未发现这种情况。
