Danso Henry A, Sedlovskaya Alexandra, Suanda Sumarga H
Wesleyan University, Department of Psychology, Middletown, CT 06459, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 Aug;33(8):1113-23. doi: 10.1177/0146167207301015. Epub 2007 May 4.
Previous research has demonstrated that directly challenging people's beliefs about immigrants may result in even stronger anti-immigration attitudes, especially among those higher in social dominance orientation (SDO). In addition, inducing the perception that immigrants are part of a larger ingroup does not modify immigration attitudes. In three studies, the article explores conditions that can reduce prejudice toward immigrants among those high in SDO. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that focusing attention on group identity maintains prejudice, whereas focusing attention on others reduces prejudice among those higher in SDO. Study 3 extends the findings of the first two studies by demonstrating that focusing attention on others in a way that induces perception of similarity with immigrants maintains negative attitudes toward immigrants, whereas focusing on individual values reduces prejudice among those higher in SDO. Implications for how prejudice could be reduced among those high in SDO through de-emphasis on group identity are discussed.
先前的研究表明，直接挑战人们对移民的看法可能会导致更强烈的反移民态度，尤其是在那些社会支配取向（SDO）较高的人群中。此外，让人们认为移民是一个更大的内群体的一部分，并不能改变他们对移民的态度。在三项研究中，本文探讨了能够减少SDO较高者对移民偏见的条件。研究1和研究2表明，将注意力集中在群体身份上会维持偏见，而将注意力集中在他人身上则会减少SDO较高者的偏见。研究3扩展了前两项研究的结果，表明以一种引发与移民相似感的方式将注意力集中在他人身上会维持对移民的负面态度，而关注个人价值观则会减少SDO较高者的偏见。本文还讨论了如何通过淡化群体身份来减少SDO较高者的偏见。
