Avvakumov Nikita, Côté Jacques
Laval University Cancer Research Center, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon Street, Quebec City QC, Canada.
Subcell Biochem. 2007;41:295-317.
The MYST family of histone acetyltransferases is highly conserved in eukaryotes and is responsible for the majority of acetylation events. These enzymes are exclusively found in multisubunit protein complexes, which structure is also very well conserved. Recent studies have shed light on the precise functions of these HAT complexes. They play critical roles in gene-specific transcription regulation, DNA damage response and repair, as well as DNA replication. Such roles in basic nuclear functions suggest that alteration of these MYST HAT complexes could lead to malfunctioning cells, leading to cell death, uncontrolled growth and/or disease. Indeed, many of these enzymes and their associated factors have been implicated in several forms of cancers. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge on MYST HAT complexes, their functions and link to human diseases.
组蛋白乙酰转移酶的MYST家族在真核生物中高度保守，负责大多数乙酰化事件。这些酶仅存在于多亚基蛋白复合物中，其结构也非常保守。最近的研究揭示了这些组蛋白乙酰转移酶复合物的精确功能。它们在基因特异性转录调控、DNA损伤反应与修复以及DNA复制中发挥关键作用。这些在基本核功能中的作用表明，这些MYST组蛋白乙酰转移酶复合物的改变可能导致细胞功能异常，进而导致细胞死亡、生长失控和/或疾病。事实上，这些酶中的许多及其相关因子已与多种癌症形式有关。本章总结了目前关于MYST组蛋白乙酰转移酶复合物、其功能以及与人类疾病联系的知识。
