Avvakumov N, Côté J
Laval University Cancer Research Center, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec (CHUQ), 9 McMahon Street, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Oncogene. 2007 Aug 13;26(37):5395-407. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210608.
The histone acetyltransferases (HATs) of the MYST family are highly conserved in eukaryotes and carry out a significant proportion of all nuclear acetylation. These enzymes function exclusively in multisubunit protein complexes whose composition is also evolutionarily conserved. MYST HATs are involved in a number of key nuclear processes and play critical roles in gene-specific transcription regulation, DNA damage response and repair, as well as DNA replication. This suggests that anomalous activity of these HATs or their associated complexes can easily lead to severe cellular malfunction, resulting in cell death or uncontrolled growth and malignancy. Indeed, the MYST family HATs have been implicated in several forms of human cancer. This review summarizes the current understanding of these enzymes and their normal function, as well as their established and putative links to oncogenesis.
MYST家族的组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HATs）在真核生物中高度保守，负责大部分的细胞核乙酰化作用。这些酶仅在多亚基蛋白复合物中发挥作用，其组成在进化上也具有保守性。MYST HATs参与许多关键的核过程，在基因特异性转录调控、DNA损伤应答与修复以及DNA复制中发挥关键作用。这表明这些HATs或其相关复合物的异常活性很容易导致严重的细胞功能障碍，从而导致细胞死亡或不受控制的生长及恶性肿瘤。事实上，MYST家族HATs已被认为与多种人类癌症有关。本综述总结了目前对这些酶及其正常功能的理解，以及它们与肿瘤发生已确定和推测的联系。
