McNeil Nicole M
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2007 May;43(3):687-95. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.687.
What is the nature of the association between age (7-11 years) and performance on mathematical equivalence problems (e.g., 7+4+5+7+_)? Many prevailing theories suggest that there should be a positive association. However, change-resistance accounts (e.g., N. M. McNeil & M. W. Alibali, 2005b) predict a U-shaped association. The purpose of the present research was to test these differing predictions. Results from two studies supported a change-resistance account. In the first study (N=87), performance on equivalence problems declined between the ages of 7 and 9 and improved between the ages of 9 and 11. The decrements in performance between the ages of 7 and 9 were then replicated in a second study (N=35). Results suggest that the association between age and performance on equivalence problems is U-shaped.
7至11岁的年龄与数学等价问题（例如，7+4+5+7+_）的表现之间的关联本质是什么？许多主流理论认为应该存在正相关。然而，抗变化理论（例如，N.M.麦克尼尔和M.W.阿利巴利，2005b）预测存在U型关联。本研究的目的是检验这些不同的预测。两项研究的结果支持了抗变化理论。在第一项研究（N=87）中，等价问题的表现在7岁至9岁之间下降，在9岁至11岁之间提高。7岁至9岁之间表现的下降随后在第二项研究（N=35）中得到了重复。结果表明，年龄与等价问题表现之间的关联是U型的。
