Leskin Lorraine P, White Patricia M
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1227, USA.
Neuropsychology. 2007 May;21(3):275-84. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.21.3.275.
Executive function was assessed with the Trail Making Test (Army Individual Test Battery; M. D. Lezak, 1983), the Comprehensive Trail Making Test (C. Reynolds, 2002), and a neurocognitive measure of executive control (Attentional Network Task [ANT]; J. I. Fan, B. D. McCandliss, T. Somer, A. Raz, & M. I. Posner, 2002) in 19 undergraduates with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale-Self-Report version; E. B. Foa, D. S. Riggs, C. V. Dancu, & B. O. Rothbaum, 1993), 15 high trauma participants without PTSD, and 18 low trauma control participants. Although groups did not differ on any trail making task or on the ANT measures of alerting or orienting, PTSD participants were significantly more impaired on the ANT executive network index than were high or low trauma control participants, even when level of depressive symptoms was covaried. Previous animal research identified a relationship between dopamine and the ANT measure of executive function. Elevated PTSD symptom severity and levels of hyperarousal, reexperiencing, and avoidance-numbing were associated significantly with executive function deficits indexed by the ANT. These results indicate a potentially subtle but specific deficit in executive function and a possible relationship between PTSD symptoms and irregularities in dopamine function.
采用连线测验（陆军个体测验组；M.D.莱扎克，1983年）、综合连线测验（C.雷诺兹，2002年）以及一项执行控制的神经认知测量方法（注意网络任务[ANT]；J.I.范、B.D.麦坎德利斯、T.索默、A.拉兹和M.I.波斯纳，2002年），对19名患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD；创伤后应激障碍症状量表-自评版；E.B.福阿、D.S.里格斯、C.V.丹库和B.O.罗斯鲍姆，1993年）的大学生、15名无PTSD的高创伤参与者以及18名低创伤对照参与者进行执行功能评估。尽管各组在任何连线测验任务或ANT的警觉或定向测量方面没有差异，但即使将抑郁症状水平作为协变量，PTSD参与者在ANT执行网络指数上的受损程度仍显著高于高创伤或低创伤对照参与者。先前的动物研究确定了多巴胺与ANT执行功能测量之间的关系。PTSD症状严重程度升高以及过度觉醒、反复体验和回避麻木水平与ANT所索引的执行功能缺陷显著相关。这些结果表明执行功能存在潜在的细微但特定的缺陷，以及PTSD症状与多巴胺功能异常之间可能存在的关系。
