Carver Brett S, Al-Ahmadie Hikmat, Sheinfeld Joel
Department of Urology and Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Urol Clin North Am. 2007 May;34(2):245-51; abstract x. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2007.02.013.
Although pure testicular teratomas in prepubertal boys have not been reported to metastasize, testicular teratomas in adults are associated with clinical metastases in 60% of cases. Teratoma has a diverse biological potential, with propensity for local growth, distant metastases, and transformation to somatic malignant cell types. Teratoma is frequently found associated with other nonseminomatous histologies and is present in the retroperitoneum in 40% of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissections. Because of the chemoresitant nature of teratomas, complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Since the biology of teratoma is unpredictable and it is frequently found in the retroperitoneum following chemotherapy for nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors, complete control of the retroperitoneum is advocated for all patients regardless of residual mass size.
尽管尚未报道青春期前男孩的纯睾丸畸胎瘤会发生转移，但成人睾丸畸胎瘤在60%的病例中会出现临床转移。畸胎瘤具有多种生物学潜能，易于局部生长、远处转移，并转化为体细胞恶性细胞类型。畸胎瘤常与其他非精原细胞瘤组织学类型相关，在40%的化疗后腹膜后淋巴结清扫术中可见于腹膜后。由于畸胎瘤具有化疗抵抗性，完整的手术切除是首选治疗方法。由于畸胎瘤的生物学特性不可预测，且在非精原细胞瘤性生殖细胞肿瘤化疗后常出现在腹膜后，因此无论残留肿块大小，均主张对所有患者进行腹膜后的完全控制。
