Hobson Wendy L, Knochel Miguel L, Byington Carrie L, Young Paul C, Hoff Charles J, Buchi Karen F
Division of General Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007 May;161(5):457-61. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.5.457.
To describe bottled, filtered, and tap water consumption and fluoride use among pediatric patients; to analyze differences between ethnic and socioeconomic groups; and to describe the frequency of physician-parent discussions regarding water consumption.
Convenience sample survey.
An urban public health clinic.
Parents attending a public health clinic.
The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of tap, filtered, and bottled water use. The secondary outcome measures were supplemental fluoride use and the percentage of patients reporting discussions of water consumption with their physician.
A total of 216 parents (80.5% Latino and 19.5% non-Latino) completed the survey. Of the parents, 30.1% never drank tap water and 41.2% never gave it to their children. Latino parents were less likely than non-Latino parents to drink tap water (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.67) and less likely to give tap water to their children (odds ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.70). More Latinos believed that tap water would make them sick (odds ratio, 5.63; 95% confidence interval, 2.17-14.54). Approximately 40% of children who never drank tap water were not receiving fluoride supplements. Of the lowest-income families (<or=$14 999 per year), 64.9% always gave bottled (32.9%) or filtered (32.0%) water to their children. Of the parents surveyed, 82.5% reported that their child's physician had never discussed the type of water they should use.
Many Latino families avoid drinking tap water because they fear it causes illness. Unnecessary use of bottled and filtered water is costly and may result in adverse dental health outcomes. Physicians should provide guidance to families regarding the safety, low cost, and dental health benefits of drinking tap water.
描述儿科患者饮用瓶装水、过滤水和自来水的情况以及氟化物的使用情况；分析不同种族和社会经济群体之间的差异；描述医生与家长关于饮水问题讨论的频率。
便利抽样调查。
城市公共卫生诊所。
在公共卫生诊所就诊的家长。
主要观察指标是自来水、过滤水和瓶装水的使用患病率。次要观察指标是补充氟化物的使用情况以及报告与医生讨论过饮水问题的患者比例。
共有216名家长（80.5%为拉丁裔，19.5%为非拉丁裔）完成了调查。在这些家长中，30.1%从不饮用自来水，41.2%从不给孩子喝自来水。拉丁裔家长饮用自来水的可能性低于非拉丁裔家长（比值比，0.26；95%置信区间，0.10 - 0.67），给孩子喝自来水的可能性也更低（比值比，0.32；95%置信区间，0.15 - 0.70）。更多拉丁裔认为自来水会使他们生病（比值比，5.63；95%置信区间，2.17 - 14.54）。从未饮用自来水的儿童中约40%未补充氟化物。在收入最低的家庭（每年≤14999美元）中，64.9%总是给孩子喝瓶装水（32.9%）或过滤水（32.0%）。在接受调查的家长中，82.5%报告称孩子的医生从未讨论过他们应该使用哪种水。
许多拉丁裔家庭因担心生病而避免饮用自来水。不必要地使用瓶装水和过滤水成本高昂，可能导致不良的牙齿健康结果。医生应就饮用自来水的安全性、低成本和牙齿健康益处向家庭提供指导。
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