Marongiu Bruno, Piras Alessandra, Porcedda Silvia, Tuveri Enrica, Maxia Andrea
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
Nat Prod Res. 2007 May;21(5):412-7. doi: 10.1080/00319100600577443.
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction allowed to obtain the volatile oil of different aerial parts of Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris. Extraction conditions were as follows: pressure, 90 bar; temperature, 50 degrees C and carbon dioxide flow, Phi = 1.0 kg h(-1). Waxes were entrapped in the first separator set at 90 bar and -10 degrees C. The oil was recovered in the second separator working at 15 bar and 10 degrees C. The main components of the flower oil were alpha-phellandrene (19.4%), terpinolene (20.5%), piperitenone oxide (11.6%), beta-phellandrene (8.2%), (Z)-beta-ocimene (7.8%), myristicin (7.5%) and p-cymene (4.4%). The comparison with the hydrodistilled (HD) oil reveal that the significative difference was the content of sesquiterpenes which are higher in the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) products. Collection of samples at different extraction times during supercritical extraction, allowed to monitor the change of the oil composition. Lighter compounds, as hydrocarbon monoterpenes, were extracted in shorter times than the heavier hydrocarbon and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The oil from the steams was characterized by a high content of alpha-phellandrene (12.9%), terpinolene (11.6%), myristicin (11.0%), p-cymene (9.9%), beta-phellandrene (8.2%) and (Z)-beta-ocimene (6.0%) while the main components of the fruits were found to be myristicin (70.8%), piperitenone oxide (19.9%) and dill apiole (4.2%).
超临界二氧化碳萃取法可用于获取药用植物Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris不同地上部分的挥发油。萃取条件如下：压力90巴；温度50摄氏度；二氧化碳流速，Φ = 1.0千克/小时。蜡质截留在设置为90巴和 -10摄氏度的第一分离器中。油在工作于15巴和10摄氏度的第二分离器中回收。花油的主要成分是α-水芹烯（19.4%）、萜品油烯（20.5%）、氧化胡椒酮（11.6%）、β-水芹烯（8.2%）、(Z)-β-罗勒烯（7.8%）、肉豆蔻醚（7.5%）和对伞花烃（4.4%）。与水蒸馏（HD）油的比较表明，显著差异在于倍半萜的含量，超临界流体萃取（SFE）产品中的倍半萜含量更高。在超临界萃取过程中不同萃取时间采集样品，可监测油成分的变化。较轻的化合物，如烃类单萜，比较重的烃类和含氧倍半萜提取时间更短。茎部的油的特征是α-水芹烯（12.9%）、萜品油烯（11.6%）、肉豆蔻醚（11.0%）、对伞花烃（9.9%）、β-水芹烯（8.2%）和(Z)-β-罗勒烯（6.0%）含量较高，而果实的主要成分是肉豆蔻醚（70.8%）、氧化胡椒酮（19.9%）和莳萝芹菜醚（4.2%）。
