Cogbill T H, Steenlage E S, Landercasper J, Strutt P J
Department of Surgery, Gundersen Clinic, Ltd., La Crosse, Wisconsin 54601.
J Trauma. 1991 Dec;31(12):1632-7. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199112000-00012.
During a 12-year period, 739 patients were admitted to a referral trauma center as the result of injuries incurred while farming. There were 608 (82%) male patients and 131 female patients. Ages ranged from 1 to 89 years including 160 patients (22%) less than 16 years old and 78 patients (11%) more than 65 years old. The injury mechanism was a farm animal in 225 (30%), farm machinery in 168 (23%), a tractor in 120 (16%), a fall in 77 (10%), a power take-off in 47 (7%), a cornpicker in 42 (6%), and miscellaneous in 60 (8%). There were 16 (2%) deaths attributable to the agricultural accident. Tractors were involved in eight of these deaths, falls in four, power take-offs in three, and farm machinery in one. Furthermore, 159 (22%) patients were left with significant permanent disability including orthopedic problems in 131 patients, neurologic deficits in 22, and pulmonary disability in 6. Agricultural trauma is frequent and diverse with unique injury mechanisms. Life-threatening injuries are often seen and permanent disability is common. Effective injury prevention must focus on farmer education, additional mandatory safety features on agricultural equipment, and appropriate design of rural trauma systems.
在12年期间，739名因务农时受伤而被收治于一家创伤转诊中心。其中男性患者608名（82%），女性患者131名。年龄范围为1至89岁，包括160名（22%）16岁以下患者和78名（11%）65岁以上患者。损伤机制为农场动物致伤的有225例（30%），农场机械致伤的有168例（23%），拖拉机致伤的有120例（16%），跌倒致伤的有77例（10%），动力输出轴致伤的有47例（7%），玉米采摘机致伤的有42例（6%），其他原因致伤的有60例（8%）。因农业事故导致16例（2%）死亡。其中8例死亡与拖拉机有关，4例与跌倒有关，3例与动力输出轴有关，1例与农场机械有关。此外，159例（22%）患者遗留严重永久性残疾，包括131例骨科问题、22例神经功能缺损和6例肺部残疾。农业创伤频发且多样，损伤机制独特。常可见危及生命的损伤，永久性残疾也很常见。有效的伤害预防必须注重农民教育、农业设备上增加强制性安全功能以及合理设计农村创伤系统。
