Chandler-Laney P C, Castaneda E, Pritchett C E, Smith M L, Giddings M, Artiga A I, Boggiano M M
Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2007 May;87(1):104-14. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.04.005. Epub 2007 Apr 11.
A history of dieting is common in individuals suffering from eating disorders for which depression and mood disturbances are also comorbid. We investigated the effect of a history of caloric restriction (HCR) in rats that involved cyclic food restriction and refeeding with varying levels of access to palatable food (PF) on: 1) responses to the SSRI, fluoxetine; 2) monoamine levels in brain regions central to the control of feeding, reward, and mood regulation; and 3) behavioral tests of anxiety and depression. HCR coupled with intermittent but not daily access to PF exaggerated rats' anorectic response to fluoxetine (p<0.05); was associated with a significant 71% and 58% reduction of 5-HT and dopamine, respectively, in the medial prefrontal cortex; and induced behaviors consistent with models of depression. HCR, irrespective of access to PF, abolished the strong association between 5-HT and dopamine turnover in the nucleus accumbens in control rats (r=0.71 vs. -0.06, p<0.01). Access to PF, irrespective of HCR, reduced hypothalamic dopamine. Together, these findings suggest that a history of frequent food restriction-induced weight fluctuation imposes neurochemical changes that negatively impact feeding and mood regulation.
节食史在患有饮食失调症的个体中很常见，这些个体还伴有抑郁症和情绪障碍。我们研究了热量限制史（HCR）对大鼠的影响，该影响涉及周期性食物限制以及用不同程度的美味食物（PF）重新喂食，具体如下：1）对选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI）氟西汀的反应；2）对控制进食、奖赏和情绪调节至关重要的脑区中的单胺水平；3）焦虑和抑郁的行为测试。HCR加上间歇性而非每日获取PF会加剧大鼠对氟西汀的厌食反应（p<0.05）；与内侧前额叶皮质中5-羟色胺和多巴胺分别显著降低71%和58%有关；并诱发与抑郁症模型一致的行为。无论是否有PF获取，HCR都会消除对照大鼠伏隔核中5-羟色胺和多巴胺周转之间的强关联（r=0.71对-0.06，p<0.01）。无论是否有HCR，获取PF都会降低下丘脑多巴胺水平。总之，这些发现表明，频繁的食物限制引起的体重波动史会导致神经化学变化，对进食和情绪调节产生负面影响。
