van Reekum Carien M, Johnstone Tom, Urry Heather L, Thurow Marchell E, Schaefer Hillary S, Alexander Andrew L, Davidson Richard J
Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Neuroimage. 2007 Jul 1;36(3):1041-55. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.052. Epub 2007 Apr 6.
Recent studies have identified a distributed network of brain regions thought to support cognitive reappraisal processes underlying emotion regulation in response to affective images, including parieto-temporal regions and lateral/medial regions of prefrontal cortex (PFC). A number of these commonly activated regions are also known to underlie visuospatial attention and oculomotor control, which raises the possibility that people use attentional redeployment rather than, or in addition to, reappraisal as a strategy to regulate emotion. We predicted that a significant portion of the observed variance in brain activation during emotion regulation tasks would be associated with differences in how participants visually scan the images while regulating their emotions. We recorded brain activation using fMRI and quantified patterns of gaze fixation while participants increased or decreased their affective response to a set of affective images. fMRI results replicated previous findings on emotion regulation with regulation differences reflected in regions of PFC and the amygdala. In addition, our gaze fixation data revealed that when regulating, individuals changed their gaze patterns relative to a control condition. Furthermore, this variation in gaze fixation accounted for substantial amounts of variance in brain activation. These data point to the importance of controlling for gaze fixation in studies of emotion regulation that use visual stimuli.
最近的研究已经确定了一个大脑区域的分布式网络，该网络被认为支持对情感图像做出反应时情绪调节背后的认知重评过程，包括顶颞区域以及前额叶皮质（PFC）的外侧/内侧区域。这些常见的激活区域中有许多也已知是视觉空间注意力和眼动控制的基础，这就增加了一种可能性，即人们使用注意力重新部署而非重评，或者除了重评之外还使用注意力重新部署作为调节情绪的一种策略。我们预测，在情绪调节任务期间观察到的大脑激活差异的很大一部分将与参与者在调节情绪时视觉扫描图像的方式差异有关。我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）记录大脑激活情况，并在参与者增强或减弱对一组情感图像的情感反应时量化注视模式。fMRI结果重复了先前关于情绪调节的研究结果，调节差异反映在PFC和杏仁核区域。此外，我们的注视数据显示，在调节情绪时，个体相对于对照条件改变了他们的注视模式。此外，这种注视模式的变化在大脑激活差异中占了很大比例。这些数据表明，在使用视觉刺激的情绪调节研究中控制注视的重要性。
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