Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Nat Neurosci. 2024 May;27(5):975-987. doi: 10.1038/s41593-024-01605-7. Epub 2024 Mar 22.
Cognitive reappraisal is fundamental to cognitive therapies and everyday emotion regulation. Analyses using Bayes factors and an axiomatic systems identification approach identified four reappraisal-related components encompassing distributed neural activity patterns across two independent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies (n = 182 and n = 176): (1) an anterior prefrontal system selectively involved in cognitive reappraisal; (2) a fronto-parietal-insular system engaged by both reappraisal and emotion generation, demonstrating a general role in appraisal; (3) a largely subcortical system activated during negative emotion generation but unaffected by reappraisal, including amygdala, hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray; and (4) a posterior cortical system of negative emotion-related regions downregulated by reappraisal. These systems covaried with individual differences in reappraisal success and were differentially related to neurotransmitter binding maps, implicating cannabinoid and serotonin systems in reappraisal. These findings challenge 'limbic'-centric models of reappraisal and provide new systems-level targets for assessing and enhancing emotion regulation.
认知重评是认知疗法和日常情绪调节的基础。使用贝叶斯因子和公理系统识别方法的分析确定了四个与再评价相关的成分，这些成分包含了两个独立的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究（n=182 和 n=176）中的分布式神经活动模式：（1）一个前额皮质系统专门参与认知重评；（2）一个额顶叶-岛叶系统参与再评价和情绪产生，在评价中表现出一般作用；（3）一个主要在负性情绪产生时激活但不受再评价影响的皮质下系统，包括杏仁核、下丘脑和导水管周围灰质；（4）一个与负性情绪相关的后部皮质系统，通过再评价下调。这些系统与再评价成功的个体差异相关，并且与神经递质结合图谱有差异关系，提示大麻素和血清素系统与再评价有关。这些发现挑战了再评价的“边缘系统”中心模型，并为评估和增强情绪调节提供了新的系统水平靶点。
