Giannini D, Leone A, Di Bisceglie D, Nuti M, Strata G, Buttitta F, Masserini L, Balbarini A
Angiology University of Pisa, Italy.
Angiology. 2007 Apr-May;58(2):211-7. doi: 10.1177/0003319707300361.
Passive smoking has both short-term and long-term vascular effects. It is not clear whether impairment of endothelial function reflects the acute effects of passive smoke exposure or the chronic effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the hypothesis that short-term exposure to passive smoke impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation in healthy nonsmokers. Eighteen healthy young never smokers (12 men, 6 women) 21 to 55 years old (mean +/- SD: 34 +/-9 years) underwent ultrasonography measuring baseline brachial-artery diameter and brachial-artery diameter during hyperemia and after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin, twice: in a smoke-free environment, and then in the same environment polluted by 30 to 35 ppm carbon monoxide. Each subject served as his/her control. Carboxyhemoglobin was measured in blood samples of subjects tested. Mean value of carboxyhemoglobin was 0.6 +/-0.5% in a smoke-free environment and 1.4 +/- 0.5% in a smoking environment (p <0.02). Mean values of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were 12.6% +/- 7.8% in a smoke-free environment versus 6.8 +/- 7.8% in a smoking environment (p <0.01). On the contrary, nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation did not show any statistical difference (21 +/- 9.8% versus 23 +/-1.4%). Finally, the increase of carboxyhemoglobin was related statistically to the impairment of flow-mediated dilation (r = 0.51; p <0.002). Passive smoking impaired flow-mediated vasodilation in healthy never smokers in a smoking environment. The impairment was strongly related to carboxyhemoglobin level.
被动吸烟对血管有短期和长期影响。目前尚不清楚内皮功能损害是反映被动吸烟的急性效应还是慢性效应。本研究的目的是评估短期暴露于被动吸烟会损害健康非吸烟者内皮依赖性血管舒张这一假设。18名年龄在21至55岁（平均±标准差：34±9岁）的健康年轻从不吸烟者（12名男性，6名女性）接受了超声检查，测量静息状态下肱动脉直径、充血时肱动脉直径以及舌下含服硝酸甘油后的肱动脉直径，检查进行了两次：一次在无烟环境中，另一次在一氧化碳浓度为30至35 ppm的污染环境中。每位受试者作为自己的对照。检测受试者血样中的碳氧血红蛋白。在无烟环境中碳氧血红蛋白的平均值为0.6±0.5%，在吸烟环境中为1.4±0.5%（p<0.02）。血流介导的舒张（FMD）平均值在无烟环境中为12.6%±7.8%，在吸烟环境中为6.8±7.8%（p<0.01）。相反，硝酸甘油诱导的血管舒张没有显示出任何统计学差异（21±9.8%对23±1.4%）。最后，碳氧血红蛋白的升高与血流介导的舒张功能损害在统计学上相关（r = 0.51；p<0.002）。在吸烟环境中，被动吸烟损害了健康从不吸烟者的血流介导的血管舒张。这种损害与碳氧血红蛋白水平密切相关。
