Misra Anoop, Misra Ranjita, Wijesuriya Mahen, Banerjee Dipanjan
Department of Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Fortis Flt. Lt. Rajan Dhall Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2007 Mar;125(3):345-54.
The metabolic syndrome is a crucial factor in causation of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in South Asians. Approximately 20-25 per cent of urban South Asians have evidence of the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, insulin resistance was reported to be present in nearly 30 per cent of children and adolescents in India, more so in girls. At the same time many young individuals have clustering of other risk factors/conditions related to insulin resistance (e.g., non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnoea, etc.). Rapid nutritional and lifestyle transition in urbanized areas in various countries in South Asia are prime reasons for increasing prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. It is particularly important to effectively implement and strengthen population-based primary prevention strategies for the prevention of 'epidemic' of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The lifestyle factor modification to prevent the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in South Asians should start in early childhood. Finally, there is an urgent need to conduct research studies regarding the correct definitions of the metabolic syndrome and genetic and perinatal factors related to insulin resistance in South Asians.
代谢综合征是南亚人群患2型糖尿病（T2DM）和冠心病（CHD）的关键因素。约20% - 25%的城市南亚人有代谢综合征的迹象。此外，据报道，印度近30%的儿童和青少年存在胰岛素抵抗，女孩更为明显。与此同时，许多年轻人还存在与胰岛素抵抗相关的其他风险因素/病症聚集的情况（如非酒精性脂肪性肝病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停等）。南亚各国城市化地区快速的营养和生活方式转变是肥胖和代谢综合征患病率上升的主要原因。有效实施并加强基于人群的一级预防策略以预防肥胖和代谢综合征的“流行”尤为重要。预防南亚人代谢综合征和T2DM的生活方式因素调整应从幼儿期开始。最后，迫切需要开展关于代谢综合征的正确定义以及南亚人群中与胰岛素抵抗相关的遗传和围产期因素的研究。
