Seifert L, Vantorre J, Chollet D
CETAPS UPRES EA 3832, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mont Saint Aignan, France.
Int J Sports Med. 2007 Nov;28(11):970-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-965005. Epub 2007 May 11.
The aim of this study was to analyse the kinematics and coordination of the breaststroke start as regards to skill level using a video device. Ten national swimmers were compared with an international swimmer. All swimmers simulated the 100-m pace for 25 m after a grab start. The kinematical analysis assessed the durations of leave block, flight, entry and glide, pull-out, and the swim up to the 15-m mark phases. The coordination analysis assessed the durations of the time spent with the arms close to the thighs after a complete arm pull-push, the time gap between the end of the arm recovery and the beginning of the leg propulsion during the pull-out phase and at the first swim stroke, and the time gap between the end of leg propulsion and the beginning of arm propulsion. The international swimmer had a shorter 15-m start time than the national swimmers due to shorter times in the swim phase, longer times in the underwater phase, longer times spent with the arms close to the thighs and in glide with the body in extension. The whole population showed a negative superposition of leg propulsion with arm recovery at the pull-out phase, which disappeared at the first swim stroke.
本研究的目的是使用视频设备分析不同技能水平的蛙泳出发的运动学和协调性。将10名国家游泳运动员与1名国际游泳运动员进行比较。所有游泳运动员在抓台式出发后模拟100米的节奏游25米。运动学分析评估蹬离出发台、空中、入水和滑行、蹬边以及游至15米标记处各阶段的持续时间。协调性分析评估在一次完整的手臂划水-推水后手臂靠近大腿的持续时间、蹬边阶段和第一次划水时手臂恢复结束与腿部蹬水开始之间的时间间隔，以及腿部蹬水结束与手臂划水开始之间的时间间隔。该国际游泳运动员15米出发用时比国家游泳运动员短，这是因为其游进阶段用时更短、水下阶段用时更长、手臂靠近大腿以及身体伸展滑行的时间更长。所有人在蹬边阶段腿部蹬水与手臂恢复呈现负叠加，而在第一次划水时这种情况消失。
