Smith James A
Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Health Promot J Austr. 2007 Apr;18(1):20-5. doi: 10.1071/he07020.
There has been increased interest in men's health over the past two decades. A major focus has been on men's apparent reluctance to seek health-related help. As such, innovative methods to facilitate health promotion engagement and preventive health practices among men have emerged. Men's health promotion activity in Australia has paid particular attention to settings and social marketing approaches. These, more often than not, have been aligned to hegemonic constructions of masculinity. As such, traditional gender-roles are perpetuated, which may, despite best intentions, reinforce negative health behaviours among men. However, the health promotion community is well positioned to strategically free men from the constraints of hegemonic masculinity. By paying attention to commentary relating to the social construction of gender, an alternative pathway is evident. Of particular interest is discussion relating to multiple masculinities, in contrast to one dominant form. This opens the door to develop a range of health promotion interventions targeted to specific groups of men, including those that are most marginalised and disadvantaged. In doing so, health inequities among men relating to age, class, sexuality, race and ethnicity can be more purposefully addressed. This paper explores the intersection between current health promotion practice and recent commentary relating to gender. I conclude by suggesting that health promotion researchers, practitioners and policy makers need to account for multiple masculinities in the planning, development, implementation and evaluation of health promotion activities aimed at men in order to move men's health promotion forward in Australia.
在过去二十年里，人们对男性健康的关注度不断提高。一个主要关注点是男性明显不愿寻求与健康相关的帮助。因此，出现了一些创新方法来促进男性参与健康促进活动和预防性健康实践。澳大利亚的男性健康促进活动特别关注场所和社会营销方法。这些方法往往与男性气质的霸权建构相一致。这样一来，传统的性别角色得以延续，这可能会在无意之中强化男性的负面健康行为，尽管初衷是好的。然而，健康促进界有能力从战略上使男性摆脱霸权男性气质的束缚。通过关注与性别社会建构相关的评论，一条替代途径显而易见。特别值得关注的是与多元男性气质相关的讨论，与单一主导形式形成对比。这为开发一系列针对特定男性群体的健康促进干预措施打开了大门，包括那些最边缘化和处境最不利的群体。这样做可以更有针对性地解决男性在年龄、阶级、性取向、种族和族裔方面的健康不平等问题。本文探讨了当前健康促进实践与近期有关性别的评论之间的交叉点。我在结论中提出，健康促进研究人员、从业者和政策制定者在规划、开发、实施和评估针对男性的健康促进活动时，需要考虑到多元男性气质，以便在澳大利亚推动男性健康促进工作向前发展。
