Welch Mark, Welch Twilla
Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2007 Jun;41(6):485-94. doi: 10.1080/00048670701332284.
Early psychosis (EP), in which the terms first-episode psychosis or first-break psychosis are also considered, is an area of developing research intensity. Although it is apparent that considerable progress has been made in establishing best practice criteria and protocols for EP in general, the particular issues pertaining to rural areas have not received the same attention. The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature of early psychosis programmes, initiatives and research in rural areas in order to help establish the best available evidence. The authors conducted a systematic search of major electronic databases, based on the NHMRC hierarchy of evidence, an established scale, for identified early psychosis cross-referenced with multiple rural terms, between the years 1995 and 2005. A total of 637 articles met the initial search criteria; 206 were identified as having primary significance; three dealt specifically with rural areas. There is a paucity of research findings or published literature concerning the specific needs or characteristics of early psychosis practice or service delivery in rural areas. A number of inferences and suggestions for further research, investigations and policy directions are put forward for consideration.
早期精神病（EP），其中首次发作精神病或首次发病精神病等术语也被纳入考虑范畴，是一个研究热度不断上升的领域。尽管很明显，在总体上为早期精神病确立最佳实践标准和方案方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但与农村地区相关的特定问题却未得到同样的关注。本研究的目的是对农村地区早期精神病项目、举措及研究的文献进行系统综述，以帮助确立现有的最佳证据。作者基于澳大利亚国家卫生与医学研究委员会（NHMRC）的证据等级体系（一种既定的量表），对1995年至2005年间与多个农村相关术语交叉引用的已识别早期精神病进行了主要电子数据库的系统检索。共有637篇文章符合初始检索标准；206篇被确定具有主要意义；其中3篇专门涉及农村地区。关于农村地区早期精神病实践或服务提供的特定需求或特征的研究结果或已发表文献非常匮乏。本文提出了一些进一步研究、调查及政策方向的推论和建议以供考虑。
