Lumeng Julie C, Cardinal Tiffany M
Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0406, USA.
Chem Senses. 2007 Jul;32(6):505-13. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjm019. Epub 2007 May 17.
This study sought to determine if providing affectively positive information about a flavor to preschool-aged children during tasting will increase recognition of and liking for the flavor and if the recognition and liking are associated. Forty-six 3- to 6-year-old children tasted 10 flavors: 5 presented with affectively positive information and 5 without. The 10 flavors were then presented again interspersed with 10 distracter flavors. Children reported whether they had tasted the flavor previously and provided hedonic ratings for each flavor. Children's ability to remember having tasted a flavor was greater when the flavor was presented with affectively positive information than without in children throughout the age range of 3-6 years. In children younger than 4.5 years, the provision of information had no effect on hedonic rating, whereas in older children, the provision of information was associated with greater hedonic ratings. We conclude that providing affectively positive information to children about a flavor can increase their ability to recognize the flavor as previously tasted and increases hedonic rating of the flavor in children older than 4.5 years.
本研究旨在确定在品尝过程中向学龄前儿童提供有关某种味道的积极情感信息是否会增加他们对该味道的识别和喜爱，以及这种识别和喜爱是否相关。46名3至6岁的儿童品尝了10种味道：5种伴有积极情感信息，5种没有。然后，这10种味道再次呈现，并穿插10种干扰味道。孩子们报告他们之前是否尝过这种味道，并对每种味道给出享乐评分。在3至6岁的所有儿童中，当味道伴有积极情感信息呈现时，他们记住尝过该味道的能力比没有该信息时更强。在4.5岁以下的儿童中，提供信息对享乐评分没有影响，而在年龄较大的儿童中，提供信息与更高的享乐评分相关。我们得出结论，向儿童提供有关某种味道的积极情感信息可以提高他们识别之前尝过的味道的能力，并提高4.5岁以上儿童对该味道的享乐评分。
