Lemus Ranulfo, Carmines Edward L, Van Miert Erik, Coggins Christopher R E, Anskeit Erwin, Gerstenberg Birgit, Meisgen Thomas J, Schramke Heike, Stabbert Regina, Völkel Hartmut, Terpstra Piter M
Philip Morris USA, Inc., Richmond, Virginia 23234, USA.
Inhal Toxicol. 2007 Jun;19(8):683-99. doi: 10.1080/08958370701353205.
Vanillin is a flavoring agent used in cigarettes. Previous toxicological examinations of the effects on the addition of vanillin to tobacco used mixtures with several other flavoring agents. In the present work, toxicological comparisons were made of experimental cigarettes containing no added vanillin against otherwise similar cigarettes with three different amounts of vanillin added to the tobacco. The main toxicological comparison was a subchronic inhalation study with mainstream smoke in Sprague-Dawley rats (exposures of 150 mg/m3 of total particulate matter, 6 h exposure per day, for 90 consecutive days). Vanillin concentrations in the tobacco of the 4 cigarette types at the end of the study were 0, 67, 1233, and 3109 ppm. Additional studies with mainstream smoke were Salmonella mutagenicity (5 bacterial strains, both with and without metabolic activation, particulate phase only), cytotoxicity of both particulate and gas/vapor phases (using the neutral red uptake assay), and analytical chemistry (49 analytes, including 5 metals). Similar responses were seen across the four cigarette types, and the responses were similar to those previously described in the scientific literature. At the same smoke concentration, the inhalation exposures produced effectively the same responses, in each of the four groups. Most of the changes produced in the 90 days of exposure were resolved in a 42-day postinhalation period. The addition of vanillin to tobacco at inclusion rates up to 3109 ppm did not influence a broad range of toxicological endpoints.
香草醛是一种用于香烟的调味剂。先前对在烟草中添加香草醛的影响进行的毒理学检查使用了与其他几种调味剂的混合物。在本研究中，对未添加香草醛的实验香烟与在烟草中添加了三种不同量香草醛的类似香烟进行了毒理学比较。主要的毒理学比较是在Sprague-Dawley大鼠中进行的亚慢性吸入研究（暴露于150 mg/m3的总颗粒物，每天暴露6小时，连续90天）。研究结束时，4种香烟类型的烟草中香草醛浓度分别为0、67、1233和3109 ppm。对主流烟雾进行的其他研究包括沙门氏菌致突变性（5种细菌菌株，有和没有代谢激活，仅颗粒相）、颗粒相和气相/蒸汽相的细胞毒性（使用中性红摄取试验）以及分析化学（49种分析物，包括5种金属）。在这四种香烟类型中观察到了相似的反应，并且这些反应与科学文献中先前描述的反应相似。在相同的烟雾浓度下，四组中的每一组吸入暴露产生的反应实际上是相同的。在90天的暴露中产生的大多数变化在吸入后42天内得到解决。在烟草中添加高达3109 ppm的香草醛不会影响广泛的毒理学终点。
