Perona J S, Cabello-Moruno R, Ruiz-Gutierrez V
Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Av. Padre Garcia Tejero, 4, 41012, Seville, Spain.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2007 Jun;35(Pt 3):446-50. doi: 10.1042/BST0350446.
There is emerging evidence that minor components from dietary oils can modulate or even improve events occurring in the development of atherosclerosis. One of the earliest events of the atherosclerotic process is endothelial dysfunction, which is an activation of the endothelium manifested by an increase in pro-inflammatory molecules, such as cytokines and adhesion molecules. Chylomicron remnants, such as LDL (low-density lipoprotein), are considered to be pro-atherogenic lipoproteins because they interact with endothelial cells and macrophages, increasing endothelial dysfunction mainly by the disturbance of the redox state in the cell. However, chylomicrons are, at the same time, the natural carriers of dietary lipids in plasma, which gives minor lipid components the opportunity to interact with the cells implicated in endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis. Some of these components are known to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects in vitro, even forming part of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, such as chylomicrons.
越来越多的证据表明，食用油中的微量成分可以调节甚至改善动脉粥样硬化发展过程中发生的事件。动脉粥样硬化过程最早出现的事件之一是内皮功能障碍，这是一种以内皮激活为特征的现象，表现为促炎分子（如细胞因子和黏附分子）增加。乳糜微粒残粒，如低密度脂蛋白（LDL），被认为是促动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白，因为它们与内皮细胞和巨噬细胞相互作用，主要通过干扰细胞内的氧化还原状态来增加内皮功能障碍。然而，乳糜微粒同时也是血浆中膳食脂质的天然载体，这使得微量脂质成分有机会与参与内皮功能障碍和动脉粥样硬化形成的细胞相互作用。已知其中一些成分在体外具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗动脉粥样硬化作用，甚至构成富含三酰甘油的脂蛋白（如乳糜微粒）的一部分。
