Sabuncuoglu Osman
Department of Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Dent Traumatol. 2007 Jun;23(3):137-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00431.x.
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) constitute a major cause of morbidity among children worldwide. Both TDIs and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are prevalent conditions with similar male-to-female predominance and similar age of presentation. While the commonest causes of TDIs have been identified as playground or sports accidents, a well-known feature of ADHD is accident proneness. Violence, another significant risk factor for TDIs, is more likely to be observed in conduct disorder, a common comorbidity of ADHD. Also, both TDIs and ADHD have been found to be associated with left-handedness. The presence of multiple dental trauma episodes (MDTE), as well as increased risk for non-dental injuries in children with TDIs indicates an underlying persistent condition, which resembles ADHD. Higher point prevalence of mental distress at age 30, found to be associated with increased lifetime prevalence of TDIs, may also be taken as an evidence of a background developmental disorder persisting into adulthood with various comorbidities. In conclusion, this review combines the results of several studies and explains the significance of ADHD as an underlying and predisposing factor for TDIs. Increased awareness and close collaboration between different disciplines involved are essential.
创伤性牙损伤（TDIs）是全球儿童发病的主要原因之一。TDIs和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）都是常见病症，男女患病率相似，发病年龄也相近。虽然TDIs最常见的原因已被确定为游乐场或体育事故，但ADHD的一个众所周知的特征是易发生事故。暴力是TDIs的另一个重要危险因素，在品行障碍（ADHD的常见共病）中更易观察到。此外，TDIs和ADHD都与左利手有关。多次牙外伤发作（MDTE）的存在，以及TDIs儿童非牙外伤风险的增加，表明存在一种潜在的持续性病症，类似于ADHD。30岁时精神困扰的较高时点患病率与TDIs终生患病率的增加有关，这也可能被视为一种背景发育障碍持续到成年并伴有各种共病的证据。总之，本综述结合了多项研究的结果，解释了ADHD作为TDIs潜在和诱发因素的重要性。提高认识以及相关不同学科之间的密切合作至关重要。
