Andersson Agneta, Tengblad Siv, Karlström Brita, Kamal-Eldin Afaf, Landberg Rikard, Basu Samar, Aman Per, Vessby Bengt
Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6):1401-7. doi: 10.1093/jn/137.6.1401.
High intakes of whole grain foods are inversely related to the incidence of coronary heart diseases and type 2 diabetes, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of a diet rich in whole grains compared with a diet containing the same amount of refined grains on insulin sensitivity and markers of lipid peroxidation and inflammation. In a randomized crossover study, 22 women and 8 men (BMI 28 +/- 2) were given either whole-grain or refined-grain products (3 bread slices, 2 crisp bread slices, 1 portion muesli, and 1 portion pasta) to include in their habitual daily diet for two 6-wk periods. Peripheral insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp tests. 8-Iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (8-iso PGF(2alpha)), an F(2)-isoprostane, was measured in the urine as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein and IL-6 were analyzed in plasma as markers of inflammation. Peripheral insulin sensitivity [mg glucose . kg body wt(-1) . min(-1) per unit plasma insulin (mU/L) x 100] did not improve when subjects consumed whole-grain products (6.8 +/- 3.0 at baseline and 6.5 +/- 2.7 after 6 wk) or refined products (6.4 +/- 2.9 and 6.9 +/- 3.2, respectively) and there were no differences between the 2 periods. Whole-grain consumption also did not affect 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in urine, IL-6 and C-reactive protein in plasma, blood pressure, or serum lipid concentrations. In conclusion, substitution of whole grains (mainly based on milled wheat) for refined-grain products in the habitual daily diet of healthy moderately overweight adults for 6-wk did not affect insulin sensitivity or markers of lipid peroxidation and inflammation.
全谷物食品的高摄入量与冠心病和2型糖尿病的发病率呈负相关，但其机制尚不清楚。我们的研究旨在评估富含全谷物的饮食与含有相同量精制谷物的饮食相比，对胰岛素敏感性、脂质过氧化标志物和炎症标志物的影响。在一项随机交叉研究中，22名女性和8名男性（体重指数28±2）被给予全谷物或精制谷物产品（3片面包、2片脆面包、1份什锦早餐和1份意大利面），在两个为期6周的时间段内纳入其日常习惯饮食。通过正常血糖高胰岛素钳夹试验测定外周胰岛素敏感性。测定尿中作为脂质过氧化标志物的F(2)-异前列腺素8-异前列腺素F(2α)（8-iso PGF(2α)），并分析血浆中作为炎症标志物的高敏C反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6。当受试者食用全谷物产品（基线时为6.8±3.0，6周后为6.5±2.7）或精制产品（分别为6.4±2.9和6.9±3.2）时，外周胰岛素敏感性[每单位血浆胰岛素（mU/L）×100的毫克葡萄糖·千克体重(-1)·分钟(-1)]没有改善，且两个时间段之间没有差异。食用全谷物也不影响尿中的8-iso-PGF(2α)、血浆中的白细胞介素-6和C反应蛋白、血压或血清脂质浓度。总之，在健康的中度超重成年人的日常习惯饮食中，用全谷物（主要是磨碎的小麦）替代精制谷物产品6周，不会影响胰岛素敏感性或脂质过氧化和炎症标志物。
