Tomé Daniel, Bos Cécile
INRA, AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behaviour, F-75005 Paris, France.
J Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6 Suppl 2):1642S-1645S. doi: 10.1093/jn/137.6.1642S.
Lysine cannot be synthesized by mammals and, as a consequence, is an indispensable amino acid. The main role of lysine is to participate in protein synthesis. The catabolism of lysine is principally located in the liver. Lysine released from digested protein undergoes a significant first-pass metabolism of approximately 30 to 42% in humans and piglets. An important question regarding the biological basis of the requirement of lysine is the possible participation of microbial de novo synthesized amino acids in the whole-body fluxes. Recent intake recommendations to meet the lysine requirement range from 64 to 30 mg/(kg.d) for 0.5-y infants and adults (>18 y), respectively. Lysine intake in the Western human diet is in the range 40-180 mg/(kg.d). An upper limit of 300-400 mg/(kg.d) can be considered in humans.
哺乳动物无法合成赖氨酸，因此，赖氨酸是一种必需氨基酸。赖氨酸的主要作用是参与蛋白质合成。赖氨酸的分解代谢主要发生在肝脏。消化后的蛋白质释放出的赖氨酸在人和仔猪体内会经历约30%至42%的显著首过代谢。关于赖氨酸需求的生物学基础的一个重要问题是微生物从头合成的氨基酸可能参与全身通量。目前满足赖氨酸需求的近期摄入量建议分别为0.5岁婴儿64毫克/（千克·天）和成年人（>18岁）30毫克/（千克·天）。西方人类饮食中的赖氨酸摄入量在40-180毫克/（千克·天）范围内。人类可考虑的上限为300-400毫克/（千克·天）。
