Robiony Massimo, Salvo Iolanda, Costa Fabio, Zerman Nicoletta, Bazzocchi Massimo, Toso Francesco, Bandera Camillo, Filippi Stefano, Felice Martina, Politi Massimo
Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Jun;65(6):1198-208. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.12.080.
The purpose of this article is the demonstration of virtual reality (VR) and rapid prototyping (RP) in surgical planning in maxillofacial surgery. The authors emphasize the role of reverse engineering (RE) and RP, suggesting a model of cooperative work, with the interaction of maxillofacial surgeons, radiologists, and engineers.
Data acquisition is performed using computed tomography. The 3D model is the result of RE practices based on image segmentation, and the real model is produced via stereolithography. Virtual simulations are performed on the 3D model obtained from image segmentation. All these stages require the interaction and collaboration of various experts: maxillofacial surgeons, radiologists, and RE and RP experts.
VR and stereolithography models represent a new technology to help the surgeon who has to work in cooperation with engineers and radiologists to improve the results in surgical planning of maxillofacial distraction.
When performing the VR simulation, surgeons and engineers operate together in order to optimize the exploitation of the instruments available. Both VR and RP, with different and complementary advantages and limitations, can improve surgical planning activities and this is particularly effective when dealing with complex anatomical structures in maxillofacial surgery.
本文旨在展示虚拟现实（VR）和快速成型（RP）在颌面外科手术规划中的应用。作者强调逆向工程（RE）和RP的作用，提出一种合作工作模式，涉及颌面外科医生、放射科医生和工程师之间的互动。
使用计算机断层扫描进行数据采集。三维模型是基于图像分割的逆向工程实践的结果，实体模型通过立体光刻制作而成。在从图像分割获得的三维模型上进行虚拟模拟。所有这些阶段都需要不同专家的互动与协作：颌面外科医生、放射科医生以及逆向工程和快速成型专家。
VR和立体光刻模型代表了一种新技术，有助于外科医生与工程师和放射科医生合作，以改善颌面牵张手术规划的效果。
在进行VR模拟时，外科医生和工程师共同操作，以优化可用器械的使用。VR和RP都具有不同且互补的优势与局限性，能够改善手术规划活动，在处理颌面外科复杂解剖结构时尤其有效。
