Davoodi Elham, Sarikhani Einollah, Montazerian Hossein, Ahadian Samad, Costantini Marco, Swieszkowski Wojciech, Willerth Stephanie, Walus Konrad, Mofidfar Mohammad, Toyserkani Ehsan, Khademhosseini Ali, Ashammakhi Nureddin
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Adv Mater Technol. 2020 Aug;5(8). doi: 10.1002/admt.201901044. Epub 2020 May 26.
Next generation engineered tissue constructs with complex and ordered architectures aim to better mimic the native tissue structures, largely due to advances in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting techniques. Extrusion bioprinting has drawn tremendous attention due to its widespread availability, cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and its facile and rapid processing. However, poor printing resolution and low speed have limited its fidelity and clinical implementation. To circumvent the downsides associated with extrusion printing, microfluidic technologies are increasingly being implemented in 3D bioprinting for engineering living constructs. These technologies enable biofabrication of heterogeneous biomimetic structures made of different types of cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules. Microfluiding bioprinting technology enables highly controlled fabrication of 3D constructs in high resolutions and it has been shown to be useful for building tubular structures and vascularized constructs, which may promote the survival and integration of implanted engineered tissues. Although this field is currently in its early development and the number of bioprinted implants is limited, it is envisioned that it will have a major impact on the production of customized clinical-grade tissue constructs. Further studies are, however, needed to fully demonstrate the effectiveness of the technology in the lab and its translation to the clinic.
具有复杂且有序结构的下一代工程组织构建体旨在更好地模拟天然组织结构，这主要得益于三维（3D）生物打印技术的进步。挤出式生物打印因其广泛的可用性、成本效益、简单性以及便捷快速的处理过程而备受关注。然而，打印分辨率低和速度慢限制了其逼真度和临床应用。为了规避与挤出式打印相关的缺点，微流控技术越来越多地被应用于3D生物打印以构建活体组织。这些技术能够生物制造由不同类型的细胞、生物材料和生物分子组成的异质仿生结构。微流控生物打印技术能够以高分辨率高度可控地制造3D构建体，并且已被证明可用于构建管状结构和血管化构建体，这可能会促进植入的工程组织的存活和整合。尽管该领域目前仍处于早期发展阶段，且生物打印植入物的数量有限，但预计它将对定制临床级组织构建体的生产产生重大影响。然而，还需要进一步的研究来充分证明该技术在实验室中的有效性及其向临床的转化。
