Niemeyer Philipp, Kornacker Martin, Mehlhorn Alexander, Seckinger Anja, Vohrer Jana, Schmal Hagen, Kasten Philip, Eckstein Volker, Südkamp Norbert P, Krause Ulf
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University of Freiburg, Germany.
Tissue Eng. 2007 Jan;13(1):111-21. doi: 10.1089/ten.2006.0114.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues and represent an attractive cell population for tissue-engineering purposes. MSCs from bone marrow (bone marrow stromal cells [BMSCs]) are negative for immunologically relevant surface markers and inhibit proliferation of allogenic T cells in vitro. Therefore, BMSCs are said to be available for allogenic cell therapy. Although the immunological characteristics of BMSCs have been the subject of various investigations, those of stem cells isolated from adipose tissue (ASCs) have not been adequately described. In addition, the influence of osteogenic differentiation in vitro on the immunological characteristics of BMSCs and ASCs is the subject of this article. Before and after osteogenic induction, the influence of BMSCs and ASCs on the proliferative behavior of resting and activated allogenic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was studied as a measure of the immune response (mixed lymphocyte culture). At the same points, the expression of immunologically relevant surface markers (e.g., major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, MHC-II, CD40, CD40L) was measured, and correlations between the different sets of results were sought. The pattern of surface antigen expression of BMSCs is the same as that of ASCs. Analogous to BMSCs, undifferentiated cells isolated from adipose tissue lack expression of MHC-II; this is not lost in the course of the osteogenic differentiation process. In co-culture with allogenic PBMCs, both cell types fail to lead to any significant stimulation, and they both retain these characteristics during the differentiation process. BMSCs and ASCs suppress proliferation on activated PBMCs before and after osteogenic differentiation. Our results confirm that MSCs are immune modulating cells. These properties are retained even after osteogenic induction in vitro and seem to be similar in BMSCs and ASCs. Our results suggest that allogenic transplantation of BMSCs and ASCs would be possible, for example, in the context of tissue engineering.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）可从多种组织中分离得到，是组织工程领域颇具吸引力的细胞群体。骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）缺乏免疫相关表面标志物，且在体外可抑制同种异体T细胞的增殖。因此，BMSCs可用于同种异体细胞治疗。尽管BMSCs的免疫特性已成为多项研究的主题，但从脂肪组织中分离的干细胞（ASCs）的免疫特性尚未得到充分描述。此外，体外成骨分化对BMSCs和ASCs免疫特性的影响也是本文的研究内容。在成骨诱导前后，研究了BMSCs和ASCs对静息和活化的同种异体外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）增殖行为的影响，以此作为免疫反应的指标（混合淋巴细胞培养）。在相同时间点，检测免疫相关表面标志物（如主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）-I、MHC-II、CD40、CD40L）的表达，并寻找不同结果集之间的相关性。BMSCs的表面抗原表达模式与ASCs相同。与BMSCs类似，从脂肪组织中分离的未分化细胞缺乏MHC-II的表达；在成骨分化过程中这一表达不会丢失。在与同种异体PBMCs共培养时，两种细胞类型均不会导致任何显著的刺激，并且在分化过程中都保留这些特性。BMSCs和ASCs在成骨分化前后均抑制活化PBMCs的增殖。我们的结果证实MSCs是免疫调节细胞。即使在体外成骨诱导后，这些特性仍然保留，并且在BMSCs和ASCs中似乎相似。我们的结果表明，例如在组织工程的背景下，BMSCs和ASCs的同种异体移植是可行的。
