He Xiangyi, Shu Weina, Kang Yanli, Li Zhiqiang, Zhang Jing, Kari Kirsti, Meurman Jukka H
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2007;19(3):137-42; discussion 143. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2007.00085.x.
Oligodontia (severe partial anodontia) is a developmental dental anomaly. It is either an isolated trait or part of a syndrome. Oligodontia is characterized by the congenital absence of more than six permanent teeth except the third molars. Treatment often calls for facilitated surgical techniques, but less severe cases can be treated conventionally in a normally equipped dental office.
A case of oligodontia treated with prosthetic rehabilitation is presented in this article to remind clinicians of the anomaly. A medical history was taken and clinical and radiographic examinations were made. It is emphasized that conventional prosthetic treatment can lead to a satisfactory result. The patient was treated with fully extending denture prostheses. An overdenture was designed in the maxillary arch, while a removable partial denture was made in the mandibular arch.
The patient's speech and masticatory function improved greatly. He was also pleased with better facial esthetics. Observed temporomandibular joint dysfunction also ameliorated after the treatment.
Dental clinicians should keep in mind that there are good possibilities with conventional prosthodontic techniques to help patients with dental anomalies. Treatment not only improves speech and masticatory function but also has psychological implications that may greatly help in regaining self-confidence. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Patients suffering from oligodontia may have severe psychological, esthetic, and functional problems. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment of these patients are necessary.
少牙症（严重的部分无牙症）是一种发育性牙齿异常。它既可以是一种孤立的特征，也可以是综合征的一部分。少牙症的特征是除第三磨牙外，先天性缺失超过六颗恒牙。治疗通常需要借助手术技术，但病情较轻的病例在配备正常的牙科诊所可以采用传统方法治疗。
本文介绍了一例采用修复性康复治疗的少牙症病例，以提醒临床医生注意这种异常情况。采集了病史并进行了临床和影像学检查。强调传统的修复治疗可以取得满意的效果。患者接受了全口覆盖义齿修复。在上颌设计了覆盖义齿，在下颌制作了可摘局部义齿。
患者的语音和咀嚼功能有了很大改善。他对面部美观的改善也很满意。治疗后观察到的颞下颌关节功能障碍也有所改善。
牙科临床医生应牢记，传统的口腔修复技术有很大可能性帮助患有牙齿异常的患者。治疗不仅能改善语音和咀嚼功能，还具有心理层面的意义，可能极大地有助于患者重拾自信。临床意义：患有少牙症的患者可能会有严重的心理、美观和功能问题。因此，对这些患者进行早期诊断和治疗是必要的。
