Jovanovic D, Skodric-Trifunovic V, Markovic-Denic L, Stevic R, Vlajinac H
Institute of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2007 Jun;11(6):647-51.
Republic of Serbia, excluding Kosovo.
To estimate the clinical and epidemiological pattern of tuberculosis (TB) in Serbia during the period 1990-2004.
A retrospective analysis of clinical and epidemiological data on TB patients registered in annual TB reports.
During the 15-year period, TB incidence levelled off in Serbia. The slightly decreasing trend occurred in both total pulmonary TB (PTB) and laboratory confirmed PTB (PTB+) incidence (P > 0.05), while the trend of extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) incidence increased slightly (P > 0.05). During the same period, TB mortality showed a significantly decreasing trend (P < 0.05). The mean annual proportion of PTB+ cases among newly reported PTB cases was 62.7%. The mean proportion of EPTB cases among total TB cases was 6.1%. The mean percentage of cases with resistance to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug was 4.8%.
Thanks to the good organisation and efficient work of anti-tuberculosis dispensaries in Serbia, as well as to the low incidence of AIDS and low frequency of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant strains, TB incidence did not increase during the period observed and TB mortality significantly decreased, despite markedly deteriorated socio-economic conditions during the 1990s.
塞尔维亚共和国，不包括科索沃。
评估1990年至2004年期间塞尔维亚结核病（TB）的临床和流行病学模式。
对年度结核病报告中登记的结核病患者的临床和流行病学数据进行回顾性分析。
在这15年期间，塞尔维亚的结核病发病率趋于平稳。肺结核（PTB）总体发病率和实验室确诊的肺结核（PTB+）发病率均呈轻微下降趋势（P>0.05），而肺外结核（EPTB）发病率呈轻微上升趋势（P>0.05）。同一时期，结核病死亡率呈显著下降趋势（P<0.05）。新报告的肺结核病例中PTB+病例的年均比例为62.7%。肺外结核病例在结核病总病例中的平均比例为6.1%。对至少一种抗结核药物耐药的病例平均百分比为4.8%。
由于塞尔维亚抗结核药房的良好组织和高效工作，以及艾滋病的低发病率和结核分枝杆菌耐药菌株的低频率，在所观察的时期内，尽管20世纪90年代社会经济状况明显恶化，但结核病发病率并未增加，结核病死亡率显著下降。
